The Messenger

Notes

53 n o t e s The last line of “King Vulture” was taken from J. A. Baker’s The Peregine. “Afterimage” was inspired by an exhibition entitled The Villa of the Mysteries in Pompeii: Ancient Ritual, Modern Muse. Fragments of text are taken from the catalogue. Lone Elk Park, in Valley Park, Missouri, was named for the one surviving elk from a herd slaughtered by the U.S. military when the grounds became an ammunition storage and testing site during the Korean War. The original herd, transported from Yellowstone National Park in 1951, numbered two bulls and eight cows. By 1958, the year of their slaughter, they numbered over 100. In 1966, thanks in part to fundraising by local schools, five additional elk were brought to the park. Today the park grounds serve as a sanctuary for elk, bison, wolves, and birds of prey. The italicized lines in “Brazil, 1832” were taken from The Voyage of the Beagle by Charles Darwin. The final lines of “Riverlands” owe a debt to writer and falconer Stephen Bodio. The title and inspiration for “And he sang he would tear her to pieces” is the Nigerian folktale “The Leopard Man.” Iowa Poetry Prize and Edwin Ford Piper Poetry Award Winners 1987 Elton Glaser, Tropical Depressions Michael Pettit, Cardinal Points 1988 Bill Knott, Outremer Mary Ruefle, The Adamant 1989 Conrad Hilberry, Sorting the Smoke Terese Svoboda, Laughing Africa 1990 Philip Dacey, Night Shift at the Crucifix Factory Lynda Hull, Star Ledger 1991 Greg Pape, Sunflower Facing the Sun Walter Pavlich, Running near the End of the World 1992 Lola Haskins, Hunger Katherine Soniat, A Shared Life 1993 Tom Andrews, The Hemophiliac’s Motorcycle Michael Heffernan, Love’s Answer John Wood, In Primary Light 1994 James McKean, Tree of Heaven Bin Ramke, Massacre of the Innocents Ed Roberson, Voices Cast Out to Talk Us In 1995 Ralph Burns, Swamp Candles Maureen Seaton, Furious Cooking 1996 Pamela Alexander, Inland Gary Gildner, The Bunker in the Parsley Fields John Wood, The Gates of the Elect Kingdom 1997 Brendan Galvin, Hotel Malabar Leslie Ullman, Slow Work through Sand 1998 Kathleen Peirce, The Oval Hour Bin Ramke, Wake Cole Swensen, Try 1999 Larissa Szporluk, Isolato Liz Waldner, A Point Is That Which Has No Part 2000 Mary Leader, The Penultimate Suitor 2001 Joanna Goodman, Trace of One Karen Volkman, Spar 2002 Lesle Lewis, Small Boat Peter Jay Shippy, Thieves’ Latin 2003 Michele Glazer, Aggregate of Disturbances Dainis Hazners, (some of) The Adventures of Carlyle, My Imaginary Friend 2004 Megan Johnson, The Waiting Susan Wheeler, Ledger 2005 Emily Rosko, Raw Goods Inventory Joshua Marie Wilkinson, Lug Your Careless Body out of the Careful Dusk 2006 Elizabeth Hughey, Sunday Houses the Sunday House Sarah Vap, American Spikenard 2008 Andrew Michael Roberts, something has to happen next Zach Savich, Full Catastrophe Living 2009 Samuel Amadon, Like a Sea Molly Brodak, A Little Middle of the Night 2010 Julie Hanson, Unbeknownst L. S. Klatt, Cloud of Ink 2011 Joseph Campana, Natural Selections Kerri Webster, Grand & Arsenal 2012 Stephanie Pippin, The Messenger ...