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Document 52: Charter of Abu Bakr b. Sulayman
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DOCUMENT 52 Document 52 is a confirming charter issued by Arbab Abu Bakr b. Sulayman, Malik of the Jamu'iya, to the Awlad al-Shaykh KhOjali. The text has been taken by the editors from the original, which is damaged across the bottom with some loss of characters.1 The charter is not dated, but may be assigned to the reign of Arbab Abu Bakr; this had not yet begun in 1206/1791-1792 and was over by 1798.2 It is likely that Abu Bakr died in battle with Hashim of the Musabba'at in 1796, and that Doc. 52 was issued during the period 1206/1791-1792 to 1796.3 The charter records one episode in the long dispute between the Awlad al-Shaykh Khojali and their neighbors introduced in Doc. 14. Noteworthy is the assessment of a penalty in kind. o~ ~).a ~.J .J ~.; ~ o~ I ..tJ1 Jr'J ~ r)l..J1 .J o)(..J1 .J ..tJ .4:>.11 ViI.J i+.:J..,:.o 1.l.1 Jl...:i ..tJ1 ~I 4~~1.ill.. ~~ ~ I ~I Jl:..04 ~.r .J o~ .J o!">J .J ..tJ1 ~ u!...f... .:lUI r.J>.J1Vii ~ 41 .:lUI I ..,..lu~1 i+.:J..,:.o 5 ~41.:lU1 ..,..I...J~I J..u:ll ..I.:...,A>J.I uli ~ 1..1 o~1 ~ ~ I o~ o~.fi ).) ~ ~..rJ1 ~.J o.)WI ~ ul.U-Jl ~ ~y.. ~I I .)~.JI 5~!.,.:oo.r 4 ~I .)~.JI !rjb ..,..I~I.J ..,..yJl ~ -:r J)I ~I ~ -:r ~y.. ~I ~ I.. ~y.. ~I ).) -:r ..,..I~I eJai .J ~ 41 .illI I ~ ~.J "-:i ~y.. ~..rJ1 .J o.)W4 ..,..I~I ~I.J I~I." !r.!o I } .J ~I..::....:i 4..,..~I ~ .J o.)WI f- .J eo..rJ1 f- \J,~.y.. ~I .)~.J I ~ L.;...I.J r:s ~ 41 .illI ul ~ .ill.. .J ff- }.J ~I ..::....:i ~ I.. 14~y.. ~I ).) -:r ..,..I~I t~ ~ -:r .J vL:.. ~ ~jl:.: ~.J I d'Jl.... ~ !*""Jl..: ~ ~y.. ~I .)~.J~ )..01 ~I." JS pl.J ~I .JI ~I." ~ I Vb ul .J ~I ~ .ill.) ~ ~ d'~ 5( ~ ) ~I -:r-* ~ .....ij~I.J I ..;)w1 -:r J.bJ1 ~ JWI ~ ~.)I 287 288 DOCUMENT 52 .illl~ ~ .J .r6 (, •• ) 5( .:J~) .illI .)~.JI ~!.,.>I 6(, •• ) I.i ~I ~.J oMl....J Praise be to God, and prayers and peace upon the messenger of God. This is a subsidiary charter and royal document written and approved in the Funj territories in the presence of the Malik of the Jamu'iya, may God Most High exalt them, in the presence of their warden, the son of their warden, Arbab aI-Malik Abu Bakr, son of the late Malik Sulayman. May God preserve and guard him, grant him victory, and care for him through the influence of Muq.ammad, the best of His prophets. Thereafter: The Awlad al-Shaykh Khojali showed the divinely preserved and piouS Arbab Malik Abu Bakr a ruling of the sultans at customary law and a ruling at Islamic law concerning cultivable land in the estate of Shaykh KhOjali along the western side. The Muq.ammadab challenged the Awlad al-Shaykh Khojali concerning it and complained to Makk Abu Bakr, but he cut off the Muq.ammadab from the estate of Shaykh Khojali; they have nothing on the west below the qayj, not even a hand's breadth. The Muq.ammadab were cut off by both customary law and Islamic law. Thereupon Makk Abu Bakr confirmed and ratified for the Awliid al-Shaykh Khojali the ruling at customary law and the ruling at Islamic law. He cut off the claim of the Muq.ammadab to the estate of Shaykh Khojali; they have nothing below the qayj, not even a hand's breadth. He made the estate the property of the Awlad al-Shaykh Khojali. Let no troublemaker trouble them concerning it. Let no challenger challenge them concerning it. He who troubles them after that is subject to the reckoning; whoever challenges [them] concerning it, be they one, two, or more, I will fine each a camel. Beware, then beware of disobedience, and let the disobedient blame none but himself. [52.55.19.189] Project MUSE (2024-03-29 09:52 GMT) DOCUMENT 52 There were present and witnessed to that: his brothers, the sons of Malek [SulaymanJ [••.J I:!amid walad A~mad Qa [...J IPor a previously published version see Abu Salim, al-Funj wa'l-arr/., p. 134. 2Spaulding, Heroic Age, pp. 399-400; Doc. 53. 3Ibid., p...