Index
Index 261 A active intermodal mapping (AIM) hypothesis, 59 affective coordination, 20, 81, 84–85 aggression: as based on mimesis in humans, 87, 103, 131, 141–42; biological contributions to, 188–89; displaced, 142–43, 148; in non-human primates, 158–59; redirected, 131, 142–52 altruism, 31, 88, 103 anthropology: of the late nineteenth century, 224–25, 232; neo-Darwinian, 203; role of, in the development of Girard’s mimetic theory, 16–17; theories reciprocity, 145 Aristotle, 5–6, 14–15, 49, 178, 216, 227, 243 autism, 42, 57, 67, 96, 114 B Bargh, John, 26–27 Beebe, Beatrice, 97, 241 Benjamin, Walter, 194 Bible: Abraham and Isaac, 247; Cain and Abel, 226, 232; and disclosure of the scapegoat mechanism, 18–19, 231–34, 247–50; Isaiah, 231; Job 229, 231; Joseph, 231; the prophets, 231; Psalms, 231. See also Gospels brain-imaging studies, 24–26, 44, 92, 187; functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), 24–26, 92, 95, 101 brain size, in humans, 24, 111–12, 117 Brooks, Rechele, 63, 99 Buffon’s needle, 205–6 Byrne, Richard, 22 C cannibalism, 160 catharsis, 227 Cervantes, [Miguel de], 13, 217, 220; Don Quixote, 54 (n. 24), 218, 220 chameleon effect, 26, 94 Christ, Jesus, 232–33, 247, 250 Christianity, 18–19, 230–33, 247–50 Clausewitz, Carl von, 250 cognitive neuroscience, 24–26, 92, 175, 194 communion, as unique capacity for shared psychological states in humans, 113, 116, 118–20, 123–24 comparative psychology, 21–23, 112, 242–46; difference between human 262 Index and non-human primate cognition and sociality, 116–20 Cooperative Eye Hypothesis, 120 crisis: as a result of mimetic rivalry, 16, 119, 133, 176, 185, 190; sacrificial, 85, 144, 149, 169–70; of undifferentiation, 17, 133–34, 241, 243–44 crowd behavior: and bullying in children, 70; and mimesis, 43, 202, 210; and scapegoat phenomena, 227–28, 231–34, 249; study of, in early modern psychology, 10, 166–68 Cultural Intelligence Hypothesis, 113 culture: in animals, 221–22; dialogue on, between Freud and Einstein, 156; and the importance of imitation for learning, 5, 41–45, 120–24; origns of, according to cognitive science, 21–25, 111–113, 116–22, 245; origins of, according to mimetic theory, 16–19, 77, 102, 112, 119–120, 132–34, 175, 222–26, 242–46; and social identification, 98; and universality of facial expressions of emotion, 180; and universality of violence, 162–64 Cybernetics, 199 D Damasio, Antonio, 202 Darwin, Charles, 137, 232; On the Origin of Species, 203–4, 211 Davidson, Donald, 196 Da Vinci, Leonardo, 7 Dawkins, Richard, 243 Decety, Jean, 25 Dennett, Daniel, 200–1 Descartes, René, 8–9, 14; Cartesian dualism, 91; Cartesian view of the primacy of the ego, 102, 202 desire: mimetic, in contrast to biological appetites, 88, 176, 182; and the formation of the self, 46–48; metaphysical, 141; the neurobiology of, 183–89; Romantic views of, 13–14; triangular, 13, 56, 61–64, 140. See also mimetic desire developmental psychology, and imitation research, 20–21, 43–45, 96–98, 112, 136–37, 239–41 De Waal, [Franz], 116 dichotomization, 164–66 differentiation, of self and other, 20, 25, 49 Dijksterhuis, [Ap], 26–27 Dionysus, 156, 230, 250 Dollard, [John], 143 dominance patterns, in animals, 17, 46, 112, 189, 223, 244 Donald, Merlin, and the theory of mimetic culture, 23, 243 Don Quixote, 54 (n. 24), 218, 220 double-bind, 15 Dreyfus case, 248–49 Dumouchel, Paul, 95, 130 Dupuy, Jean-Pierre, 67, 79, 238 E economic(s), 144, 193, 203–4, 208 Einstein, Albert, 156, 238 Ekman, Paul, 180 embodied simulation, 89, 95–101, 212 (n. 5) embodiment, 68 emergent processes, and complexity from noise, 206–8 emotional contagion, 164, 166–67, 169 emotions: anger, 156; and embodied simulation, 99–101; the evolutionary role of, 118, 179–82, 189; and gaze following in children, 60, 114; and imitation/mimesis, 26, 75–85; and the Mirror Neurons System (MNS), 26, 94–97, 100–101, 184; and the Platonic/ Cartesian split from rational thought, 8; and the similarity in facial expression of, across cultures, 180. See also affective coordination empathy: as not limited to emotions, 101; and the Mirror Neuron System (MNS), 24–25, 101, 181–82; as operating early in infancy, 67–68, 183; and oxytocin, 187; and self-other recognition, 112–13, 116 engagement: collaborative, 115–16; triadic, 115 Engel, Pascal, 197 Enlightenment thought, in Western secular tradition, 8–9, 12–13, 238, 248, 252 environmental crisis, 250–52 envy, 15...
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