A Prehistory of South America: Ancient Cultural Diversity on the Least Known Continent

Index

512 Index with Observations on the Pre-Incarial, Incarial and other Monuments of Peruvian Nations (Bollaert), 5 antiquarians, 5–9 Antiquités de la Région Andine de la République Argentine (Boman), 12 Antiquity of the Peoples of La Plata, The (Ameghino ), 12 Antisuyu, 429 Antonio Galo site, 381 Antropología prehispánica del Ecuador (Jijón y Caamaño), 13 Aónikenk (Southern Tehuelche), 266 aquaculture, on Marajó Island, 275–78, 300–301 Arachis hypogaea, 137, 162 Araucanians, 484–85 Arauquinoid series, 283 Arawak languages, 371, 373, 379 Arawak speakers, 460; diaspora of, 373–74 archaeobotany, 133–34 “Archaeological Explorations in the Province of Catamarca,” 12 archaeo-zoology, 44 Archaic tradition/stage, 93–95; in Atacama Desert , 106–12; houses, 123–24; Las Vegas culture, 96–100; plant processing, 100–102; rainforest foraging in, 102–6; sambaquis, 116–17 architecture, 9, 189, 336, 349, 405; Formative, 211–12; Inca, 416, 417, 419, 431–35, 436, 437, 439; at Santa Ana-La Florida, 191–93; Wari, 341–43. See also by type Arctocephalus australis, 266 Argentina, 21, 29, 31, 76, 83, 478–79; human rights abuses in, 485, 487; Incas in, 417, 427, 429, 448–49; national museum in, 11, 12. See also various sites Arlington Springs, Paleoindian sites, 85–86 armadillos, 119, 273 Arriaga, José de, 456–57; The Extirpation of Idolatry in Peru, 1; on water rituals, 456–57 Arriaza, Bernardo, 112 arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea), 136–37, 138, 162 Arroyo-Kalin, Manuel, 158, 202 Arroyo Seco 2, 119, 122 arsenic poisoning, 115 art, 234, 346, 408; Chavín-style, 5, 243–44, 245, 246, 247; Moche, 314–16, 319, 320, 321, 322; Nasca, 299–300. See also ceramics; murals; textiles artisans, in Cusco, 431 Asana I phase houses, 123 Asana site, 123–25 Aspero, 225, 229 astronomy, Inca, 451–52, 455–56 Asunción, 479 Atacama Desert, 12, 38, 419; Archaic adaptations to, 106–12; climate changes, 37, 48 Atahualpa, 309, 405, 427, 462 Atlantic Coast, 184; Formative horizon, 208–11; Tupi-Guarani speakers on, 371, 372 Atlantic Forest, 29, 79 Atlantic Ocean, 34, 51 atlatls, 119 auditory exostosis (surfer’s ear), 112, 224 Aveni, Anthony, 429 Avenue of Volcanoes, 31 avocado (Persea americana), 137 Axinim phase ceramics, 379 Ayacucho Valley, sites in, 341–42 ayahuasca, 146, 147, 151 Aymara, 9, 124 Balboa, Vasco Núñez de, 460, 472 Balsas Valley, 139 Bandage Mummies, 114 Bandelier, Adolph, 7, 9, 348; at Kuelap, 10 Bandelier, Fanny Ritter, 9 Bandy Matthew, 249, 252 Banisteriopsis spp., 146, 147 Barceló, Juan, 263 Barinas region, 284–85 Barrancoid series, 283, 284 Barreto, Cristina, 203–4, 376, 377, 384 barrios, at Chan Chan, 332–33 Bar-Yosef, Ofer, 152 Batan Grande, 325 Bates, Henry W., 3 Bauer, Brian, 420, 421, 426 Beagle Channel, 264–65, 267, 300; subsistence on, 266, 268–69, 367 beans (Phaseolus spp., Canavalia sp.), 122, 140, 140–41, 222 Beauclair, Mariana, 372 beech, Antarctic (Nothofagus antarctica), 55, 56 Belém Mound, 203 Benfer, Robert, 224 Bennett, Wendell, 21–22, 282, 348 Beresford-Jones, David, 299 Beringia (Bering Land Bridge), 44, 66 Betzanos, Juan Diez de, 455; Suma y Narración de los Incas, 475 Biblioteca Nacional del Peru, 18 Billman, Brian, 168, 335 Binford, Lewis, 94, 152 Bingham, Hiram, 20 biodiversity, 29 Bird, Junius, 21, 68, 74, 221, 222 Bird, Margaret, 68 Bischof, Henning, 234 Black Mummies, 112–13, 113 Blackwater Draw, 63–64, 65 Blassis, Paulo de, 118 Boada Rivas, Ana María, 389 boefedal, 123 513 Index Bogotá, museums in, 11, 12, 488 bola stones, bolas, 2, 73, 119 Bolivia, 9, 21, 31, 38, 85, 140, 371, 488; geometric earthworks in, 204, 205; Incas in, 417, 427, 448–49; raised field agriculture in, 161, 162–64; tropical forest in, 52–53. See also various regions; sites Bollaert, William, Antiquarian, Ethnological and Other Researches, 5 Boman, Eric, Antiquités de la Région Andine de la République Argentine, 12 Bonavia, Duccio, at Huaca Prieta, 222–23 Bonnier, Elisabeth, 239 Bonpland, Aime, 5 Bonzani, Renée, 100, 102 Bororo, 204 Bothrops sp., in Marajoara art, 278, 280 Bourget, Steven, 320 Bracco, Robert, 208, 210 Bradley, Bruce, 81 Braidwood, Robert, 152 Brazil, 7, 29, 34, 40, 51, 72, 183, 184, 373, 410(n33), 472, 485; coastal, 208–11; earthworks in, 204–8; Formative sites in, 202–4, 208–11; fugitive slave communities in, 483–84; national museum in, 11–12; Paleoindian sites, 76–80; ring villages in...