Down on the Batture

Sources

- 183 Sources Property p. 10 Spanish and French traditions . . . : Charles Sherman, Roman Law in the Modern World (Boston: Boston Book Company, 1917), p. 141. p. 10 The civil code declared . . . : Ari Kelman, A River and Its City: The Nature of Landscape in New Orleans (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 2003), p. 24. p. 10 But in the late . . . : Carleton Hunt, Life and Services of Edward Livingston, address on the occasion of the annual meeting of the Louisiana Bar Association, May 9, 1903, in the Chamber of the Supreme Court of the State of Louisiana, New Orleans, J. G. Hauser, 1903, pp. 3, 17. p. 10 Edward Livingston was about . . . : Henry Rightor,“Edward Livingston,” Standard History of New Orleans (Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1900), pp. 406–7. p. 10 He was an accidental . . . : Kelman, A River, pp. 28–29. p. 10 He remade himself, adding . . . : Hunt, pp. 124–25. p. 10 Livingston’s accomplishments in the . . . : www.1911enyclopeia.org/Edward_ Livingston, Classic Encyclopedia Brittanica. p. 10 Indeed, Livingston declined . . . : Merrill Peterson,“Sage of Monticello,” Thomas Jefferson and the New Nation (New York: Oxford University Press, 1970), pp. 944–45. p. 10 Instead, if he won . . . : Ibid., p. 944. p. 10 The American notion of . . . : Ibid. p. 11 By precedent rising from . . . : Thomas Jefferson, The Writings of Thomas Jefferson: Inaugural Addresses and Messages (New York: Derby & Jackson, 1859), pp. 515, 517. p. 11 In a city oppressed . . . : H. C.,“The New Orleans Levee: The Natural Results of Natural Causes,” New York Times, December 2, 1879. p. 11 When Livingston’s client undertook . . . : Hunt, p. 140. p. 11 He went out a . . . : Peterson, p. 945. - 184 Sources p. 11 On the other was . . . : Kelman, A River, p. 24. p. 11 Thomas Jefferson considered the . . . : Ibid. p. 11 After Livingston won his . . . : Hunt, p. 141. p. 11 at which point Livingston . . . : Frederick Hicks, Men and Books Famous in the Law (Rochester, N.Y.: The Lawyers Co-Operative Publishing Company, 1921; reprinted 2000 by Beard Books), p. 167. p. 11 When the dust settled . . . : Ibid., p. 168. p. 11 Compromise that it was . . . : Kelman, A River, p. 49. p. 11 New Orleanians not only . . . : Ibid., p. 44. p. 11 He and Robert Fulton . . . : Tom Lewis,“The Democratic River,” The Hudson: A History (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2005), p. 157. p. 12 Fulton’s steamboat had one . . . : The following paragraph is as described in Kelman, A River, p. 50. p. 12 Henry Shreve came from . . . : Ari Kelman,“Forests and Other River Perils,” in Craig Colten, ed., Transforming New Orleans and Its Environs (Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2000), pp. 49–50. p. 12 He built his own . . . : Kelman, A River, pp. 57–58. p. 12 Now Shreve had actually . . . : Kelman,“Forests,” pp. 49–50. p. 12 More threatening, Shreve tried . . . : Ibid. p. 12 Livingston had to make . . . : The following paragraph is as described in Kelman, A River, p. 59; see also Hodding Carter, Lower Mississippi (New York: Farrar and Rinehart, 1942), pp. 219–21 (describing the Shreve-Livingston standoff). Livingston is reported to have told Shreve,“You deserve well of your country, young man, but we shall be compelled to beat you if we can.” Ibid., p. 221. p. 12 Two hundred years later . . . : Mark Waller,“Batture Property Rights in Question,” Times-Picayune, May 29, 2007, http://blog.nola.com/topnews/ 2007/05/fishers_endure_odyssey_to_ply.html. p. 12 Out near Lake Pontchartrain . . . :“Lake Pontchartrain and Vicinity: Status of Tree Removal Program,” http://www.mvn.usace.army.mil/hps2/images/ Survey_ROE_map.jpg. High Water p. 15 Pesticides managed to eliminate . . . : Michael Lipske,“How Rachel Carson Helped Save the Brown Pelican,” National Wildlife, December/January 2000, vol. 38, no. 1. p. 15 The whistling ducks are . . . : John Patton O’Neill, Great Texas Birds, edited by Suzanne Winckler (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1999), p. 24. p. 15 is all one . . . : See statement of oncologist Dr. Carl G. Kardinal, Ochsner Foundation Hospital, Metairie, Louisiana:“No one really knows what is happening to the water in the Mississippi River. . . . No one knows for sure what these chemicals are doing in the Mississippi River as far as cancer is concerned.” - 185 Sources Shoenberger,“Survey Will Probe High Cancer Rate in Area,” Times-Picayune, Aprril 15, 1982. See also statement of of EPA chemist Eugene Sawicki:“It’s human experimentation going on . . . all we can do right now is collect statistics from our human guinea pigs...