Weapons of Mississippi

NOTES

217 NOTES INTRODUCTION 1. Max Weber, The Theory of Social and Economic Organization (New York: Oxford University Press, 1947), 154. 1. ATLATLS, BOWS AND ARROWS, AND STRIKING WEAPONS 1. Richard McLemore, A History of Mississippi, vol. 1 (Hattiesburg: University and College Press of Mississippi, 1973), 26–29. 2. Ibid. 3. Anan Raymond,“Experiments in the Function and Performance of the Weighted Atlatl,” World Archaeology 18, no. 2 (October 1986): 155; and Calvin Howard,“The Atlatl: Function and Performance,” American Antiquity 39, no. 1 (January 1974): 102. 4. Raymond, 155–57. 5. Ibid., 162. 6. Colin Taylor, Native American Weapons (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2001), 61. 7. Ibid., 63. 8. Charles Hudson, Knights of Spain, Warriors of the Sun: Hernando de Soto and the South’s Ancient Chiefdoms (Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1997), 17–18. 9. McLemore, 73; Don Nardo, ed., North American Indian Wars (San Diego, Calif.: Greenhaven Press, 1999), 47; and Hudson, Knights of Spain, 17–18. 10. Carolyn Kellar Reeves, The Choctaw before Removal (Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 1985), 42. NOTES 218 11. Jesse McKee and Jon Schlenker, The Choctaws: Cultural Evolution of a Native American Tribe (Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 1980), 18. 12. Nardo, 47. 13. Taylor, 30. 14. McLemore, vol. 1, 51. 15. Taylor, 31. 16. Hudson, Knights of Spain, 19. 17. Greg O’Brien,“‘We Are behind You’: The Choctaw Occupation of Natchez in 1778,” Journal of Mississippi History 64, no. 2 (Summer 2002): 112–13. 18. Taylor, 46. 19. Nardo, 47. 20. Brian Handwerk,“Ancient Spear Weapon OK’d for Deer Hunt in Pennsylvania,” National Geographic News, January 24, 2006, http://news.nationalgeographic.com/ news/2006/01/0124_060124_atlatl_deer_2.html. 21. Nardo, 50. 22. Taylor, 65–66. 2. GUNS, STEEL, AND FORTS 1. McLemore, vol. 1, 94. 2. Harvey Jackson III, Inside Alabama: A Personal History of My State (Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2004), 9. 3. McLemore, vol. 1, 101. 4. Matthew 26:52. 5.“The Narrative of the Expedition of Hernando De Soto by the Gentleman of Elvas,” trans. Theodore Lewis, in Spanish Explorers in the Southern United States, 1528– 1543 (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1907), 136. 6. McLemore, vol. 1, 92–93. 7. Fulsom Charles Scrivner, The Early Chickasaws: Profile of Courage (New York: Vantage Press, 2005), 55–56; and Theodore Maynard, De Soto and the Conquistadors (New York: AMS Press, 1969), 135. 8. See Jared Diamond, Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies (New York: W. W. Norton, 1997). 9. Richard Flint and Shirley Flint, The Coronado Expedition to Tierra Nueva: The 1540–1542 Route across the Southwest (Boulder: University Press of Colorado, 2004), 39–40. 10. Ibid., 39. 11. Ralph Payne-Gallwey, The Crossbow: Its Military and Sporting History, Construction, and Use (New York: Skyhorse Publishing, 2007), 7. NOTES 219 12. Maynard, 145. 13. John Hall,“The Search for Hernando De Soto,” Alabama Heritage, no. 4 (Spring 1987): 24. 14. Lawrence A. Clayton, Vernon James Knight Jr., and Edward C. Moore, eds., The De Soto Chronicles, vol. 1, The Expedition of Hernando De Soto to North America, 1539–1543 (Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1994), 103. 15. Harold Leslie Peterson, Arms and Armor in Colonial America, 1526–1783 (Courier Dover Publications, 2000), 93. 16. Ibid., 92–93. 17. Hudson, Knights of Spain, 18. 18. Charles Hudson, The Juan Pardo Expeditions (Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1990), 147–48. 19. Lawrence A. Clayton, Vernon James Knight Jr., and Edward C. Moore, eds., The De Soto Chronicles, vol. 2, The Expedition of Hernando De Soto to North America, 1539– 1543 (Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1994), 335. 20. Ibid., 336. 21. Ibid., 338. 22. Diamond, 76. 23. Jackson, 9. 24. This discussion of Mabila has been compiled from Angie Debo, The Rise and the Fall of the Choctaw Republic (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1986), 24–26; Clayton, vol. 1, 92–104; Reeves, 68–69; Maynard, 206–13; and McKee and Schlenker, 12–14. 25. Michael Polushin,“The Indians and the French Meet at Biloxi,” in Interpreting the Sources of World Societies, ed. Michael Polushin and Chris Tyler Bowie (New York: McGraw-Hill, 2003), 315. 26. J. E. Kaufmann and H. W. Kaufmann, Fortress America: The Forts That Defended America, 1600 to the Present (New York: Da Capo Press, 2007), 8. 27. Ibid., 403–4. 28. Ibid., 405. 29. Ibid., 26–27. 30. This discussion of Fort Maurepas has been...