The Presidency, Congress, and Divided Government: A Postwar Assessment

Index

African-Americans,  Albert, Carl, ,  American Federation of Teachers,  Arends, Leslie,  Baker, Howard,  Baker, James,  Barber, James David, n Barrett, Andrew,  Beckett, Samuel,  “Blue Dogs.” See Democratic Party Bond, Jon R., n, , ,  Borelli, Stephen,  Brace, Paul,  Brady, David W.,  Broder, David S.,  Brown, Otis,  Budget and Impoundment Act. See also Nixon, Richard, impoundment; Reagan, Ronald, budget reconciliation process Burns, James MacGregor,  Bush, George H. W., , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ; and agriculture legislation, ; and Americans with Disabilities Act, –; and budget fiasco (), , –, ; and child care legislation, ; and civil rights legislation, –; and Clean Air Act Amendments, ; coattails, , , , , ; and congressional leaders, ; elections, –, ; electoral popularity, , ; and energy legislation, ; and highway legislation, ; and housing legislation, ; ideology, , ; and Immigration Act of , ; landmark legislation, –; legislative agenda, , , , , ; legislative support, , – ; and minimum wage increase, ; and party unity in Congress, ; public approval, , , –, ; roll-call success, –, , , ; and savings and loan bailout , ; veto leverage, , , , , ; veto of “motor voter” bill, ; veto override of cable television legislation, ; veto threats, , –, , , –,  Bush, George W., – Byrd, Robert,  Cameron, Charles,  Campbell, James E.,  Carter, James E., , , , , , , , , , –, , , , , ; and airline deregulation, ; and Alaska Lands Preservation, , ; and banking deregulation, ; and Chrysler Corporation , ; and civil service reform, ; and Clean Air Act Amendments, , ; and Clean Water Act, ; coattails, , , ; and congressional leaders, –, – ; and Department of Education, ; election, , ; electoral popularity, ; and energy legislation, , , ; ideology, , ; landmark bills, –, –; legislative agenda, , , , , –, ; legislative support, –; and minimum wage, ; and party unity voting in Congress, ; public approval, ; and railway deregulation (Staggers Rail Act), –; roll-call success, –, ; and Social Security tax increase, ; and Superfund, ; and Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act, , ; and tax cut, ; and trucking deregulation, –; veto of water projects, ; windfall profits tax,  Chirac, Jacques,  Chrysler Corporation, ,  Civil Rights Act of , . See also Johnson, Lyndon Clay, Lucius,  Clinton, William J., , , , , , , , , , , –, , , , , –, , , , ; and agriculture legislation, ; and Americorps, , ; and antiterrorism legislation, ; and Brady Bill, , , , ; and budget agreement of , , , , ; and California Desert Index  Protection Act, ; coattails, , , ; and Contract with America, ; and economic stimulus plan, , , ; elections, –, , ; electoral popularity , –, ; and Family Leave and Medical Act, , ; and General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, ; and Goals , , ; and health insurance legislation , , ; ideology, ; –, –, –; immigration reform, ; Kennedy-Kassebaum health bill, ; landmark bills, –, –, –, ; legislative agenda, –, –, –, , , –, , , , ; legislative support, –, –; and line-item veto, ; and lobbying reform, ; and minimum wage increase, ; and Motor Voter Act, , , ; and North American Free Trade Agreement, , ; and Omnibus Crime Act, ; and party unity in Congress, , , , ; public approval , , , ; roll-call success, , – , , –, –; and student loans bill, , ; and unfunded mandates legislation, ; and veto leverage, , , , , , ; veto of shareholder lawsuits legislation, ; —, of welfare reform bills, , , ; veto threats, , –, –, , ,  Coattails, , , ; “marginal” coattails, – , , . See also individual presidents “cohabitation,”  Cold War,  Congress: conservative coalition, –, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ; and Contract with America, ; cross-party support for president, , ; Democratic Caucus rules, n; “eras,” ; —, presidents’ roll-call success in, –, –; Hansen reforms of , ; incumbency advantage of members, , , –, , , , , , , , , , – , ; legislative productivity, ; McGovern-Fraser reforms, ; organization of, , , , –, , , , , , , ; party leadership in Senate, ; party support of president, ; party unity voting, , , , –, , – , , ; reelection constituencies of members, ; reforms under Nixon and Reagan, , –, , , –; subcommittee bill of rights, ; voting alignments, –; “Watergate babies” and reform, ; whip system, –. See also individual presidents Conservative coalition. See Congress Contract with America, , , , –, , ,  Cooper, Joseph,  Cutler, Lloyd,  Daschle, Tom,  Davidson, Roger H., n, –,  Democratic Party: and African-Americans, ; “Blue Dogs,” , , ; leadership reforms in Congress, ; regional divide in, ,  Dewey, Thomas, ,  Dirksen, Everett, , , ,  Divided government: and congressional investigations, ; and party polarization, ; and presidential agenda-setting, –, –; and president’s veto leverage, , n, , ; and Senate, –; split-ticket voting as cause, ; and presidents’ public approval, . See also individual presidents Dodd, Christopher,  Dodd, Lawrence C., n Dole, Bob, , ,  Dukakis, Michael,  - (ideology) scores, , ,  Edwards, George C., , ,  Eisenhower, Dwight D., , , , , , , , , , , , , , ; and Agriculture Act, ; and Alaska statehood, ; and Brown v. Board of Education, – ; and civil rights, –; coattails, , ; and congressional leaders, –, – ; and divided government, , –; elections, , –; electoral popularity, , ; and Hawaii statehood, ; “hidden-hand” leadership, n; and housing bills, ; ideology, –, , , , –; and Kerr-Mills bill, ; landmark bills, , –; leadership style, –; legislative agenda, , , , , – , , , ; legislative support, , , , –, ; and National Aeronautics and Space Administration, ; and National Defense Education Act, ; public approval, , , ; roll-call success, , –, , –; and Social Security, –, ; task forces, ; and unified government, ; veto leverage, , , , ; veto of housing bills, ; —, of soil bank, –; veto threats, , ,  European Union,  Family leave, , , . See also Clinton, William Faubus, Orval,  Fleisher, Richard, n, , ,   Index Clinton, William J. (continued) Foley, Thomas,  Ford, Gerald R., , , , , , , , , , , ; and consolidation of Great Society, , ; divided government, –; ideology, ; landmark bills, –; legislative agenda, ; roll-call success, – , ; veto of Freedom of Information Act (), ; —, of surface mining legislation ,  Fulbright, J. William,  Genovese, Michael A.,  Gilmour, John B.,  Gimpel, James G., ,  Gingrich, Newt: , ,  “Going public,” , ,  Goldwater, Barry, , –, ,  GOP. See Republican Party Gray, C. Boyden,  Great Society, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , . See also Johnson, Lyndon Gulf War, , ,  Gun control,  “Gypsy Moths.” See Republican Party Halleck, Charles, , ,  Hammer...