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# C H A P T E R 28 Cylindrical Jars Kathryn A. Ebel Illustrated by Sheila Matthews The cargo of cullet at Serçe Limanı yielded the fragmentary remains of at least 293 jars that are quite distinct from the globular jars (chapter 27). These free-blown vessels are characterized by walls that rise at an approximate 90o angle from the flat surfaces upon which the bottoms rest, forming cylindrical bodies taller than they are wide (the average ratio of shoulder diameter to vessel height in full-profile jars hovers just under 7:10); the body then turns inward to form the shoulder, which tapers into the vertical wall of the cylindrical neck, which in turn leads into a rim (Fig. 28-1). Pontil marks are seen in the centers of the kicks in the bottoms of the jars. Contents of similar jars today in Turkey range from olives and pickles to dry goods. No jars were found intact, and none have been completely restored, although years spent searching for matches and joins have led to the partial—in a few cases extensive—reconstruction of many vessels, including at least eight with complete profiles. It seems certain that the jars were all broken prior to having been put into the ship’s cargo hold. The relatively few shards recorded as found in the living quarters at the bow of the ship are almost certainly the result of misread or damaged labels, out of thousands, as explained in chapter 2. Although there are a large number of jars spanning a wide range of sizes, the collection is relatively homogeneous. The glass is consistently of an inferior quality, containing numerous tiny bubbles, with some walls encasing much larger bubbles. A wide range of colors are represented, but few suggest deliberate attempts at consistent or aesthetically attentive coloring, and even these hardly stand out. The only deep color seen in the jars is purple, but in only one uncataloged fragment (Bodrum Museum, JRf 188) does it appear to be the matrix color. In all others it appears as a dark purple swirled into a contrasting matrix. The great bulk of the glass is green in one of its various less intensive shades (green, light green, yellow-green, blue-green). There is a general absence of clear glass or deliberate coloration. None of the jars are decorated. The catalog makes separations based on slight differences in the shapes of the vessels, but even these differences may well be more incidental than intentional. Many of the jars contain clearly visible flaws. Though few are severe enough to have rendered the jars useless , their presence suggests that at least some jars could have been factory waste on that account. Our primary subdivision of the jars combines two characteristics , rim type and size. Type I jars are the more typical size and have a single thickness of glass that has been formed into a rim by being pushed outward from the neck to some degree, as seen on examples from Beirut. The small group of Type II jars have a similar rim but are distinguished from the rest by their smaller size; these “petite” jars, although not small enough to be termed “miniatures,” stand out as an indisputably distinct category. Type III jars, unlike Types I and 322 part viii: storage vessels group of 34 fragmentary objects believed to have been “petite” versions of the apparently more standard larger jars. Type IA. Plain Rims, Slightly Flared Type IA1. Plain Rims, Slightly Flared, with Sloping Shoulders Ten Type I jars have rims that are only slightly flared. Of those with enough shoulder remaining to subtype them, all but one have sloping shoulders. This subgroup is notable in that all the jars in it are large; the smallest determinable shoulder diameter is 17.7 cm (JR 5). JR 1, 3, 4, 7, and 8 are of exceptionally thick, sturdy glass, and none have the thin, brittle body walls that are not uncommon in other groups. JR 1. Cylindrical jar. Inv. No. GW 1464. Fig. 28-2. N3, N4, O4, O5, O6, P4. Rim diam. 0.119; neck diam. 0.103; est. shoulder diam. 0.285; neck th. 0.0075; body th. 0.002. Light green with single purple streak. Bottom, part of shoulder, and most of body missing. JR 2. Cylindrical jar. Inv. No. GW 1471. Fig. 28-2. O4. Rim diam. 0.010; neck diam. 0.09. Light green. Similar in shape and state of preservation are fragmentary...

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