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# C H A P T E R 12 Flared Bowls Berta Lledó Flared bowls are distinguished from other bowls by having their greatest diameters at their rims, due to their flaring sides (Fig. 12-1 and Pl. 17). Unlike most other glass vessels on the ship, the flared bowls have many different bottom, base, body, and rim profiles, making the category quite diverse. Fragments from at least 265 flared bowls were recovered from the wreck; none of the bowls were intact. The distribution of flared bowl fragments shows that the majority were scattered in the cargo hold of the ship. A few fragments were found in the living areas, especially at the bow (J3, J4, K3, K4), but they join fragments from the cargo area to form complete profiles and thus do not necessarily represent bowls used or carried at the bow. In all probability, they represent either airlift spoil or miscopied or damaged lot numbers, as explained in chapter 2. The original purpose of the bowls was presumably domestic , probably for serving as well as for storage, but Jenkins additionally suggests the use of such bowls as lamps since, when decorated by mold-blown patterns, they can refract light with a decorative effect. Regardless, about 24 of the Serçe Limanı flared bowls were decorated by being blown in molds. That these were onepiece molds is evident from the lack of seam marks on the bowls. Some of the bowl bottoms are flat, but others have a slight or deep kick resulting from the amount of pressure on the pontil. Pontil marks are present on all. On some bowls, rim decoration was applied by trailing a green, purple, or bluish glass thread around the circumference of the rim either before the rim took its final shape or, more commonly, after the rim had been formed. The thread was then commonly flattened while the glass was still hot, thus pressing the colored glass thread into an imbedded band. There are as many as three threads on a bowl (FL 124) and on some rim fragments (Rf 582, 591, 600, and 616); some rims have two threads (FL 119, 125, 254, and some rim fragments, e.g., Rf 618); but most have only one. In only one case was threaded decoration applied not only on the rim but also on the bottom (FL 107). Vessel heights range from 2.6 cm (FL 69) to 10.3 cm (FL 241). Heights of looped (or hollow) bases average between 4 and 7 mm. Base diameters, taken from the points at which the bases sit on a level plane, range from 2.8 cm (FL 132) to 14 cm (FL 107), but 92 are between 5 and 9 cm. Rim diameters range from 7.5 cm (FL 113) to 26 cm (FL 236); statistics for rim fragments appear separately. Wall thickness measurements are at the middle of the wall when its thickness is regular and at two points, if feasible, when it is not regular; the wall is normally thicker near the base and thinner as it approaches the rim. Wall thickness varies from 0.4 mm (FL 33, a fragment) to 6 mm (FL 234). Decorative thread width is given as an average measurement , but if the thread is irregular, two measurements may be given. Thread width ranges from 3 mm (FL 247) to 5 mm (FL 90 and 92). The predominant colors of the flared bowls are amber 132 part v: bowls Fig. 12-1. Flared bowls: top, FL 79, FL 51, FL 234, and FL 30; bottom, FL 234, FL 72, and FL 254. (Photos by Kathy May) (30) and yellow-green (30), although green (22) and purple (15) are also common. Deep purple (only three examples : FL 5, 6, and 54) and blue vessels (only five examples: FL 11, 53, 69, 182, and 200) are rare. A unique deep turquoise bowl (FL 14), almost opaque, is extraordinary not only among the flared bowls but among all the Serçe Limanı assemblage, although the color is found in Syrian medieval glass. Swirls of other colors appear on 31 of the vessels. The same range of colors was used in decorative threads, but the glass used for trailing is almost opaque, and the color is always darker than the color of the vessel itself. The majority of threads are green (87 of the threaded bowls) or bluish green (11 of the threaded bowls); purple threads are rare (2), appearing only on FL...

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