Holy Ground, Healing Water: Cultural Landscapes at Waconda Lake, Kansas

Glossary

Apsáalooke. The Crow nation’s name for itself. Aubrey Crossing. A ford of the Arkansas River on the Cimarron cutoff of the Santa Fe Trail, fifteen miles above Chouteau’s Island, Hamilton County, Kansas. Big Bellies. One of the names by which the Hidatsa were known. The same name was also applied to the unrelated Gros Ventres. Black Dog Trail. A native trail that ran west near the southern border of Kansas before angling northwest to follow the divide between the Ninnescah and Chicaskia Rivers. Brule. A subdivision of the Lakota Sioux that moved onto the high plains of Nebraska and Kansas. Calvi. Pietro Fortunato Calvi (1817–1855) led resistance against the Austrians in defense of the Venetian Republic. Carlana. An Apache band that lived in southwestern Colorado before being driven into New Mexico by Comanches. cathartic. A substance that accelerates defecation, as opposed to a laxative, which eases it. Cheyenne Bottom. An area of internal drainage just north of the Great Bend of the Arkansas River in Barton County, Kansas. Cimarron River Trail. A native trail along the Cimarron River in southern Kansas. Clackamas. A Chinookan-speaking band that lived in the Willamette Valley of Oregon. Council House Fight. An incident in which Texans killed thirty-five Comanches who had gone to San Antonio to negotiate a peace. cucurbits. The family of plants that includes pumpkins, squashes, and small gourds. Dhegiha. A linguistic division of the Siouan stock, spoken by the Omahas, Poncas, Kansas, Osages, and Quapaws. Dodge City–Tascosa Trail. A wagon trail that ran southwest from Dodge City to the Canadian River. G L O S S A R Y 228 Glossary El Cuartelejo. A Spanish name for an Apache settlement in Scott County, Kansas, to which Picuris Indians fled after the reconquest of New Mexico. emetic. A substance that causes vomiting. factor. A middle-management-level position in the fur trade. Fort Cavagnial. A French outpost on the Missouri River near present-day Leavenworth , Kansas, 1744–1764. Fort Kearney. A military post on the Platte River, along the Oregon Trail, 1848– 1871. Fort Laramie. A fur trade post on the North Platte River, eastern Wyoming, that became a landmark on the Oregon Trail, 1834–1890. Fort MacPherson. A military post below the forks of the Platte River, 1863–1880. Fort Supply Trail. A wagon road that ran south from Fort Dodge to the post called Fort Supply on the North Canadian River, Oklahoma. Fort William. The original name for Fort Laramie on the North Platte, eastern Wyoming, 1834. Fort Zarah. An army post at the Great Bend of the Arkansas River, 1864–1869. geomorphology. The science that studies how the surface features of the earth, including sediments, formed. goosefoot. A weedy plant domesticated during the Archaic period in the eastern United States. Grand Pawnee. One of the three bands of Pawnee known collectively as the South Band Pawnees, as opposed to the Skidi Pawnees. Guas. An ethnic name used in the documents of the Coronado expedition for an unidentified group in the vicinity of Quivira. Harahey. An ethnic name in the documents of the Coronado expedition for an unidentified group that lived somewhere beyond Quivira; often speculated to be Pawnee. Hidalgo revolution. The unsuccessful Mexican revolution against Spanish rule, 1810–1811, led by Father Manuel Hidalgo. Hopewell. The term archaeologists use for a period of intense intercultural interaction in the Woodland period that involved acquisition of exotic materials that were fashioned into ceremonial items used in mortuary-related rituals. Humboldt map. An influential map drawn by Alexander von Humboldt and published in 1803. It mistakenly showed the headwaters of the Red River in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains of New Mexico, leading to decades of cartographic confusion. Ietan. The Wichita name for the Comanches. Iturbide revolution. The successful declaration of Mexican independence from Spain, led by Agustín Iturbide in 1821. Jicarilla. A band of Apaches who were driven by the Comanches from the plains into New Mexico. Glossary 229 Jumano. A term that the Spanish used for any tattooed Indians, such as the Wichitas , and for an ethnic group of the Rio Grande–Concho River area. Kiowa Apache. An Apache band that remained on the plains, allied to the Kiowa nation. Lipan Apaches. Apaches who were driven far south into Texas by the Comanches. Llano Estacado. The southern end of the high plains below the Canadian River— essentially a huge mesa covering...