"Execute against Japan": The U.S. Decision to Conduct Unrestricted Submarine Warfare

Contents

List of Illustrations ix Acknowledgments xi Introduction 1 1 Freedom of the Seas, the Submarine, and the First World War 5 2 The U.S. Navy and the Submarine Question 19 3 The Failure of International Law in the Interwar Period 29 4 Legislating Away Freedom of the Seas 48 5 The Accidental Commerce Raider: U.S. Submarine Development, Strategy, and Tactics 63 6 Laying the Strategic Groundwork 84 7 Debating Law, Ethics, and Strategy 97 8 “Immediately upon the Outbreak of War” 120 9 Day of Infamy, Day of Decision 139 10 Unrestricted Warfare and the Civilian Chain of Command 150 11 The Victory of Unrestricted Submarine Warfare 162 Conclusion 181 Notes 185 Bibliography 229 Index 237 CONTENTS ...