The Ecology of Spirituality: Meanings, Virtues, and Practices in a Post-Religious Age

Notes

167 Notes Introduction 1 James Nelson, quoted by Kathryn McNichols and David Feldman, “Spirituality at the End of Life: Issues and Guidelines for Care,” in Plante and Thoresen, Spirit, Science and Health, 192. 2 S. Kappen, “Spirituality in the New Age of Recolonization,” in Mysticism and the Institutional Crisis, edited by C. Erricker and J. Erricker (London: SCM Press, 1994), 33. Quoted by Celia Kourie, “The ‘Turn’ to Spirituality,” Acta Theologica Supplementum 8 (2006): 23. 3 Kenneth Doka, “Definition of Spirituality,” Meeting of the International Working Group for Death, Dying and Bereavement Conference, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany, 2010. 4 Kourie, “‘Turn’ to Spirituality,” 22. 5 Anita Unruh, Joan Versnel, and Natasha Kerr, “Spirituality Unplugged,” review of Commonalities and Contentions, and a Resolution, Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy 69, no. 1 (2002), 6. Chapter 1 1 Walter Principe, “Toward Defining Spirituality,” Studies in Religion 12 (1983): 133. 2 Principe, “Toward Defining Spirituality,” 133. 3 Principe, “Toward Defining Spirituality,” 135. 4 Principe, “Toward Defining Spirituality,” 136. 5 Principe, “Toward Defining Spirituality,” 136. 6 Principe, “Toward Defining Spirituality,” 138. 7 Principe, “Toward Defining Spirituality,” 138. 8 Kourie, “‘Turn’ to Spirituality,” 22. 9 See Leigh Schmidt, Restless Souls: The Making of American Spirituality from Emerson to Oprah (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2005); and Courtney Bender, 168 Notes to pp. 15–28 The New Metaphysicals: Spirituality and the American Religious Imagination (Chicago: University of Chicago Press), 2010. 10 Peter Van Ness, ed., Spirituality and the Secular Quest (New York: Crossroad, 1996), 5. 11 Lucy Bregman, “Psychotherapies,” in Van Ness, Spirituality and the Secular Quest, 250–76. 12 John Morgan, “The Existential Quest for Meaning,” in Doka and Morgan, Death and Spirituality, 6. 13 Morgan, “Existential Quest for Meaning,” 8. 14 Morgan, “Existential Quest for Meaning,” 8. 15 Viktor Frankl, Man’s Search for Meaning (New York: Pocket Books, 1963), 103–5. 16 A much more recent journal issue devoted to the concept includes several insightful (and sometimes sarcastic) contributions by Herman Westerlink, Pär Salander, and Peter La Cour, Archive for the Psychology of Religion 34, no. 1 (2012). See Herman Westerlink, “Spirituality in Psychology of Religion: A Concept in Search of Its Meaning,” 3–15; Pär Salander, “The Emperor’s New Clothes: Spirituality. A Concept Based on Questionable Ontology and Circular Findings,” 17–32; and Peter La Cour, Nadja Ausker, and Niels Hvidt, “Six Understandings of the Word ‘Spirituality’ in a Secular Country,” 63–81. These authors focus on the European rather than the North American context but raise many of the same concerns. 17 Unruh et al., “Spirituality Unplugged,” 7. 18 Unruh et al., “Spirituality Unplugged,” 7. 19 Salander, “The Emperor’s New Clothes.” 20 Unruh et al., “Spirituality Unplugged,” 8. 21 Unruh et al., “Spirituality Unplugged,” 8. 22 Unruh et al., “Spirituality Unplugged,” 8. 23 Unruh et al., “Spirituality Unplugged,” 9. 24 Unruh et al., “Spirituality Unplugged,” 9. 25 Frankl, Man’s Search for Meaning, 10. 26 Frankl, Man’s Search for Meaning, 154. 27 Frankl, Man’s Search for Meaning, 175. 28 Unruh et al., “Spirituality Unplugged,” 9. 29 Unruh et al., “Spirituality Unplugged”, 9. 30 D. Hufford, “An Analysis of the Field of Religion, Spirituality and Health.” http:// www.metanexus.net/archive/templetonadvancedresearchprogram/pdf/TARP -Hufford.pdf, 2006, 7. 31 Unruh et al., “Spirituality Unplugged,” 12–13. 32 Abraham Maslow, Religions, Values and Peak-Experiences (New York: Viking Press, 1971), appendix B, 69–71. 33 Peggy Rosenthal, Words and Values: Some Leading Words and Where They Lead Us (New York: Oxford University Press, 1984), 81. 34 Don Browning, Religious Thought and the Modern Psychologies (Philadelphia: Fortress, 1987). 35 Browning, Religious Thought, 75. 36 Attentive readers will have wondered at the prominence of Canadians throughout this chapter. Principe, Morgan, the CAOT . . . is this an accident, or a meaningful pattern? Since the present writer is not Canadian, it is not due to nationalism or a Notes to pp. 32–49 169 desire to patronize local resources. It may be that Canada offers a situation where religion is less strictly separated from government than in the United States, without a state-established church such as in many European countries. Thus, the touchy issue of religion and its possible relation to spirituality can be played out in Canada with slightly more ideological and legal flexibility than elsewhere. This is speculation, but I have no other explanation for the disproportionate presence of Canadians in the discussions we have covered. Chapter 2...