The Constitution of Religious Freedom: God, Politics, and the First Amendment

Index

259 Index Abington School District v. Schempp, 2, 22, 80, 93–94, 95n, 97, 99, 150, 167, 171, 175n, 193, 196 accommodationism, 51, 55, 79, 87–88, 97–98, 111, 162, 206, 210, 227, 239 acknowledgment, 55, 57, 62, 227–29 Adams, John, 39, 48–49 agnosticism, 99, 106, 128, 216–17 Alito, Justice Joseph A., 43n Allegheny County v. Greater Pittsburgh ACLU, 55, 57–59, 96, 147–50, 161n, 162, 165–67, 171–72n, 177–79, 188, 191, 202, 216, 227–29 American Constitution Party, 51n, 83, 85 Amherst College, 9–10 Augustine, 91, 95 Bachrach, Peter, and Morton Baratz, 172 Bakker, Jim and Tammy Faye, 67 Barton, David, 6 Bayles, Michael, 173 Beal, Timothy, 89n Berg, Thomas, 186–87 Black, Justice Hugo L., 99, 175n, 193 Blackmun, Justice Harry, 59, 96, 171–72n, 188, 216, 227n, 228 Bork, Robert, 32–33, 35 Bottum, Joseph, 65 Branstad, Terry, 3–4 Braunfeld v. Brown, 153 Brennan, Justice William J., Jr., 94–95, 150, 194n, 196 Brettschneider, Corey, 141n Buchanan, Pat, 106, 241–42 Burger, Chief Justice Warren, 62n, 95, 97–98, 156–57, 163, 220 Bush, George W., 242 Cantwell v. Connecticut, 160–61n, 192, 211, 242n Cardozo, Justice Benjamin N., 181–83 Carroll, Danny, 4 Cavanaugh, William, 23–24n Center for Moral Clarity, 10 Center for Public Justice, 221–22n Christian Right, 16, 88–90, 100–113, 115–17 Church of the Holy Trinity v. United States, 37 Church of Lukumi Babalu Aye v. City of Hialeah, 60, 141n, 192n civic identity, 85, 163, 223–33, 244 Cizik, Richard, 71–72 Clark, Justice Thomas, 150, 175n, 193, 195 260 Index coercion, 16, 143–44, 160–79, 236; implicit, 163, 172–79, 223–33; overt, 163, 172–79, 224 coercion test, 144–45, 162–63, 165– 70; thick (broad), 145n, 168, 170, 227; thin (narrow), 145n, 162–63, 168, 170 Conkle, Daniel, 24–25 Conlan, John, 102–3, 107–8, 110, 112, 117 constitutional democracy, 35, 145 constitutional interpretation vs. statutory construction, 144–45 constitutional syllogism, 145–46 constitutions, state, 11–12, 53–54, 199 Cook, Samuel, 231–32 Corning, Joy, 3 Coulter, Ann, 73 Crabb, Judge Barbara, 27–29 Crick, Bernard, 241 Davis v. Beason, 103–4 Declaration of Independence, 12, 13–14, 17, 38, 43, 101n, 138n Dierenfield, Bruce, 176 Digeser, Peter, 172n diversity, religious, 22, 25, 29, 35, 51, 65, 68–80 Douglas, Justice William O., 87, 93, 95, 150–52, 168n, 176, 194, 225n Drake University, 9–10, 226 Dylan, Bob, 22–23 Edwards v. Aguillard, 118n Eisgruber, Christopher, 74, 189 Elk Grove Unified Sch. Dist. v Newdow , 26, 200 Employment Division, Oregon Department of Human Resources v. Smith, 34, 61–62n, 79, 118, 125, 153n, 159, 178n, 197–98, 231n endorsement test, 145–46, 157, 164–66, 188, 200–203, 213, 222– 23, 233 Engel v. Vitale, 2, 22, 93, 167, 168n, 171, 176, 179, 193, 225n Epperson v. Arkansas, 94, 191, 204, 211 Esbeck, Carl, 161n Establishment Clause: meaning of, 17, 36, 42–43, 50–52, 55, 83, 179, 200, 235; political significance of, 2, 14–15, 22, 181, 243; purpose of, 192; religion in public life and, 22, 55, 89; see also neutrality; religion clauses of the U.S. Constitution; religious freedom vs. religion Establishment Clause jurisprudence, 16, 35, 143–48; conventional vs. radical, 14, 16, 86–90, 93, 99–113, 115, 138; see also coercion; coercion test; endorsement test; Lemon test; neutrality; position taking; tradition; tradition test Establishment and Free Exercise clauses: duality of, 16, 36, 55, 83, 150, 154–61, 169–71, 177–79, 181, 233, 236, 242–43 Everson v. Board of Education, 86, 92–93, 98, 143, 182, 192, 196, 204–6, 207n, 242n factionalism, 29–35, 63, 76–77, 81, 125 Falwell, Jerry, 67, 71, 89n, 115n Family Policy Center, 3, 27 Family Research Council, 62–63, 79, 91n, 115n Federalist #10, 19, 29–30, 33, 63, 76–77, 79, 81, 125 Federalist #51, 33 Federalist #71, 31n, 81 Federalist Papers, 15, 30, 36; see also specific article Feldman, Noah, 161n Index 261 Feldman, Stephen, 115–17, 133 Finkelman, Paul, 197–98n Fortas, Justice Abe, 94 Foucault, Michael, 172n Frankfurter, Justice Felix, 93, 194–95 Freedom from Religion Foundation et al. v. Obama, 29 Free Exercise Clause: meaning of, 36, 55, 83, 155; political significance of, 14–15, 22, 181, 243; see also Establishment and Free Exercise clauses, duality of; neutrality; religion clauses of the U...