Invisible Conversations: Religion in the Literature of America

Notes

195 = Notes Introduction 1. Jonathan Edwards, A Jonathan Edwards Reader, ed. John E. Smith, Harry S. Stout, and Kenneth P. Minkema (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1995), 281. Elisa New discusses this passage in a significantly different context in Chapter 3. 2. Jenny Franchot, “Invisible Domain: Religion and American Literary Studies,” American Literature 67 (1995): 839–40, 842. 3. Although the current debate over the nature of American Studies is not a primary focus of this book, several essays, particularly those by Buell at the beginning and Hauerwas and Wood at the end, address some of its most important concerns. For the contours of the present argument over this topic, see Donald E. Pease and Robyn Wiegman, eds., The Futures of American Studies (Durham , NC: Duke University Press, 2002); Alan Wolfe, “The Difference Between Criticism and Hatred: Anti-American Studies,” The New Republic, February 10, 2003, pp. 25–32; Michael Bérubé, “The Loyalties of American Studies,” American Quarterly 56 (2004): 223–33; Leo Marx, “On Recovering the ‘Ur’ Theory of American Studies,” American Literary History 17 (2005): 118–34; and Wai Chee Dimock and Lawrence Buell, eds., Shades of the Planet: American Literature as World Literature (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2007), esp. 1–16. 4. Kenneth Burke, The Philosophy of Literary Form, 3rd ed. (1941; repr., Berkeley: University of California Press, 1973), 109. 5. Burke, Philosophy, 110. 6. Burke, Philosophy, 110–11. 7. Burke, Philosophy, 111–12. 8. Walter Benjamin, Illuminations: Essays and Reflections, ed. Hannah Arendt, trans. Harry Zahn (1968; New York: Schocken, 1969), 256. 196 Notes to pp. 19–27 Chapter 1 1. Friedrich Nietzsche, The Genealogy of Morals, ed. Oscar Levy, trans. Horace Samuel (1914; repr., New York: Gordon, 1974), 111; emphasis in original. 2. Jacques Derrida, The Gift of Death, trans. David Wills (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1995), 49. 3. Geoffrey Hill, Style and Faith: Essays (New York: Counterpoint, 2003), 20. 4. Tim O’Brien, The Things They Carried (New York: Penguin, 1991), 86. 5. Heather McHugh, “What He Thought,” in Hinge & Sign: Poems, 1968–1993 (Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press, 1994), 4. 6. Hill, Style and Faith, 123. 7. Walter Pater, The Renaissance: Studies in Art and Poetry, ed. Donald L. Hill (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1980), 106. 8. Ralph Waldo Emerson, Essays and Lectures, ed. Joel Porte (New York: Library of America, 1983), 20. 9. John Milton, Paradise Lost: An Authoritative Text, Backgrounds and Sources, Criticism , ed. Scott Elledge (New York: Norton, 1975), 61, 118. 10. Emerson, Essays and Lectures, 28. 11. Cynthia Ozick, Art & Ardor: Essays (1983; repr., New York: Dutton, 1984), 193. 12. M. H. Abrams, Natural Supernaturalism: Tradition and Revolution in Romantic Literature (New York: Norton, 1971), 12. 13. Richard Rorty, Contingency, Irony, and Solidarity (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989), 6. 14. Kenneth Burke, The Rhetoric of Religion (Boston: Beacon, 1961), 1. 15. Wallace Stevens, Collected Poems (New York: Knopf, 1954), 524. 16. Derrida, Gift of Death, 103. 17. George Santayana, Interpretations of Poetry and Religion (New York: Scribner, 1900), 26, 105. 18. Allen Tate, Essays of Four Decades, 3rd ed. (1968; repr., Wilmington, DE: ISI, 1999), 570, 575. 19. W. B. Yeats, The Variorum Edition of the Poems of W. B. Yeats, ed. Peter Allt and Russell K. Alspach (New York: Macmillan, 1957), 631. 20. Northrop Frye, Anatomy of Criticism: Four Essays (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1957), 125. 21. Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Biographia Literaria, ed. James Engell and W. Jackson Bate (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1983), 1:304; emphasis in original. 22. André Dubus, Selected Stories (1988; repr., New York: Vintage, 1996), 458, 461, 462, 471, 475–76. 23. Flannery O’Connor, quoted in William S. Doxey, “A Dissenting Opinion of Flannery O’Connor’s ‘A Good Man is Hard to Find,’” in A Good Man Is Hard to Find, ed. Frederick Asals (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1983), 100. Notes to pp. 28–34 197 24. Alfred Kazin, God and the American Writer (New York: Vintage, 1997), 13. 25. Harley Granville-Barker, Three Plays (New York: Brentano’s, 1909), 269. 26. György Lukács, The Theory of the Novel: A Historico-Philosophical Essay on the Forms of Great Epic Literature, trans. Anna Bostock (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1971), 88. 27. Nathaniel Hawthorne, Tales and Sketches, ed. Roy Harvey Pearce (New York: Library of America, 1982), 360. 28. Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Scarlet Letter: An Authoritative Text, Backgrounds...