Ethical Borders: NAFTA, Globalization, and Mexican Migration

Index

Index abolition of border controls, 147. See also open borders ACLU, 128 adhesion funds, 80, 83–89. See also Cohesion Fund Advantage Canada (economic agenda for reducing national debt and attracting foreign investment), 75–76 AFL-CIO, 149, 168 agricultural subsidies, 5, 7, 12, 13, 14, 27, 46, 52, 63, 94, 107, 134, 159, 166, 167, 171; EU Common Agricultural Policy, 107 Agriprocessors Inc., 130–131, 168 Alberta. See Canada Alemán, Miguel, 36, 37 Alliance for Educational Quality, 59 American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), 128 Americas Policy Program, 10, 178 America’s Voice, 177, 178, 179, 180 Asian Pacific Economic Cooperation Forum, 145 Association of South East Asian States, 145 Ávila Camacho, Manuel, 35–36, 37; educational programs of, 35 baby-boom generation, 121, 151, 153; retirement of, 121 Banamex, 45 Banco de Credito Ejidal, 33 Bancomer, 60 Barry, Tom (of the Center for International Policy), 118, 131, 178–179, 180 BBVA Bancomer, 60 Becker, Gary, 183 Bernanke, Ben (chairman of the Federal Reserve), 151, 153 BIA, 118, 119, 120 Biden, Joe, 141 bilateral trading. See Canada Board of Immigration Appeals (BIA), 118, 119, 120 Bonner, T. J. (U.S. Border Patrol agent), 3 border deaths, 8, 54, 95, 122–126, 132, 146, 175; of African migrants, 93–94. See also Operation Gatekeeper border patrol, 91, 114. See also U.S. Border Patrol Boro, Alberto (Mayor of San Rafael), 128 Bracero Program, 17, 35–37, 149–150; reauthorized , 36 Brin, Sergey,183 Bush, George H. W., 11, 24, 42–43, 64, 70 Bush, George W., 4, 6, 24, 27, 54, 56, 119, 120, 121, 157, 163, 164, 165; guest-worker program proposal of, 4, 6, 120, 164 232 Index Business Coordinating Council (CCE), 50 “Buy American” provisions, 55 Cabal Peniche, Carlos, 45 Calderón, Felipe, 51–60, 76; and abolition of the ejido, 52; and Bush administration, 53–54; and education, 59–60; energy reform proposal of, 101; and the fight against drug trafficking, 55–56; and immigration , 58–59; and NAFTA, 52–55, 76; and Obama administration, 54–55; and pension reform, 58; tax overhaul by, 58; and U.S. financial crisis, 59–60; and valueadded tax (VAT), 58 Calles, Plutarco, 32–33 Camara Nacional de la Industria de Transformacion (National Chamber of Transformation Industries), 49 Canada: agricultural trade of, 20, 76; Canadian Mortgage and Housing Corporation, 168; Canadian Services Coalition, 66; Chamber of Commerce, 66; Department of Finance, 65, 75; economic productivity of, 65, 66, 77; exports of, 21, 65, 67, 69, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75; investments of, in Mexico, 77–78; manufactured goods of, 65–66; and Mexican migration, 76–77; national debt of, 64, 75–76; service sector effect of, on annual output and national employment, 65; trade deficit of, with China, 74; trade deficit of, with EU, 68; trade deficit of, with Mexico, 73; trade imbalance avoidance of, 63; trade surplus of, with United States, 68; and U.S. agricultural exports, 20 Canada–United States Free Trade Agreement (CUFTA), 19, 64, 70 Canadian Wheat Board (CWB) tariff, 73 Canova, Timothy, 43 CAP (Common Agricultural Policy), 86, 88–89, 99, 107 Cárdenas, Cuauhtémoc, 41 Cárdenas, Lazaro, 33–35, 37, 41; redistribution program of, 58 Carens, Joseph, 143–144 Carlsen, Laura (director of the Americas Program at the Center for International Policy), 14, 178 Carter, Jimmy, 22 Castañeda, Jorge (Mexico’s former secretary of foreign affairs), 44 Castro, Fidel, 94 Catholic church, 31, 32, 35, 38, 99, 131 Cato Institute, 154 Celtic Tiger, 96–115 Center for American Progress, 178 Center for Community Change, 179 Center for North American Studies, 137 Centers for Disease Control (Environmental Hazards and Health Effects Program), 172 Central American Four (CA4; El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua), 71 cheap labor, 12, 18, 22, 23, 26, 31, 46, 62 Chiapas Indian peasant rebellion, 43 China, 7, 12, 15, 18, 19, 25, 27, 50, 65, 68, 72, 74, 134, 139–141, 170; imports from, 7, 18, 27, 50, 65, 74, 139–140; low-wage competition and, 18, 19, 134; textile quotas of, 50; trade deficit of, 68, 139, 141 Chinese exclusion laws, 174 Chinese imports. See China Chrétien, Jean, 24, 64, 70 Citibank, 46, 106 Clinton, Bill, 11, 22, 23, 24, 25, 44, 70, 122, 123, 136 Clouthier, Manuel, 41 cocaine, 47, 56 Cohesion Fund, 24, 85, 88, 105, 111. See also adhesion funds Colosio, Luis Donaldo, 43, 44 commercial smugglers. See coyotes Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), 86, 88–89, 99, 107 Community Assistance for Reconstruction, Development, and...