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Tables 1.1 Selected Cases for Investigation 10 8.1 Summary of Case Studies 310 Maps 2.1 Athens’ Long Walls, Fifth Century BCE 16 2.2 Ancient Greece and the Surrounding Area 18 3.1 Hadrian Wall Strategic Defense System, circa 130 67 3.2 Roman Britain and Key Early, Second-Century Northern Tribes 69 4.1 Ming Strategic Defense System 109 5.1 Northwestern Europe in the Late Seventeenth Century 159 5.2 Pré Carré Fortification System, 1680 161 6.1 Metz and Lauter Fortified Regions, 1940 207 6.2 French Frontier Sectors with Key Fortified Areas, 1940 208 7.1 Bar-Lev Line and the Western Sinai, 1969–1970 260 Illustrations This page intentionally left blank ...

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