The Sanctity of Human Life

INDEX

181 Abba Gurya, 92 Abel, 36, 37, 134 abortion, 3, 11, 28, 29, 44, 45, 51, 55, 62, 63, 64, 80n95, 83n124, 97, 120; in Canada, 44, 71; elective, 70; Jewish ethicists on, 28–29, 51, 53; partial birth, 49; prohibition of, 30, 35, 36, 40, 41, 46, 51, 82–83n121; in rabbinic texts, 36, 39; in the United States, 44, 71 Abraham, 21, 32 Abravanel, Isaac, 119–20, 125, 127 Absalom, 119 Adam, 36, 37, 41, 139 adultery, 10, 41 Aggadah, 51, 85n149 agency, 111, 117, 126; of a physician, 122 agnostics, 9 Ahab, 162n28 Akivah (Rabbi), 41, 48 animals, 64–65 Apologetics, 31 Aristotle, 9, 24, 150, 151, 155, 156; on justice, 14, 107n4, 147, 149; on suicide, 149, 168n103 artificial insemination, 42 Ashkenazi, Zevi, 81n110 Asmakhta, 40 atheism, 5, 8, 74n5, 143 atonement, 141 Auschwitz, 125, 150 authority: of God, 143; in law, 125; of a physician, 137–38; prophetic, 162n19; of the public realm, 144, 145; rabbinic, 101; of revelation, 143; of the state, 146 autonomy, 21, 23, 106, 116, 137, 139, 146, 159; of ethics, 23, 24; foundational, 145; Kantian, 23; over oneself, 121 Bachrach, Hayyim Yair: on abortion, 70 Bar Kokhba, 122 Bathsheba, 119 Ben Petura, 48 bioethics, 4 blasphemy: as a capital crime, 170n120 Bonhoeffer, Dietrich, 155 Boon (Rabbi), 50 Brandeis, Louis D., 144, 167n96 Buber, Martin, 74n8; on human nature, 6 Cain, 36, 37, 134 Canada, 13, 14, 18, 91, 157; abortion in, 44, 71; health care in, 91, 92 capital punishment, 58, 83n131, 97, 139; in a Jewish court, 163n42 charity, 10, 99 Christianity, 16, 142 INDEX Note: “Rabbi” or “Rav” in parentheses following a proper name indicates a Talmudic sage. Cohen, Hermann: on ethics, 15 commandment(s), xii, 7, 8, 22, 24, 25, 40, 76n45, 78n76, 79n86, 85–86n156, 99, 101, 108n24, 126, 165n56; God as source of, 25, 37, 38, 39, 138, 142; interhuman, 105; justice as, 102; and medicine, 102; negative, 130; positive, 98; rational, 32, 105; revealed, 105. See also Noahide communism, 18 conversion, 17: to Judaism, 110n58 covenant (berit), xii, 38, 96; sinaitic, 78n76 creation, 7, 169n111 David, King, 119, 120, 121 death: determination of, 66–67 decalogue: prohibition of murder in the, 112–13 divorce: in Jewish law, 169–70n113; Maimonides on, 170n113 Eleazar (Rabbi), 134, 135 Eliot, T. S., 73–74n5 Eller, Jennie, 44 embyro, 2, 3, 11, 12, 16, 22, 28, 29, 41, 42, 51, 54, 57, 58–59, 60, 68, 69, 71, 72; human status of, 27, 43, 51, 52, 53, 55; rights of, 53 epistemology, 31 eschatology, 34: Kant on, 21 ethics, 5–9, 22, 25, 26; autonomy, 23, 24; Hermann Cohen on 15; Jewish, 23, 24, 26; and philosophy, 20; and theology, 20, 21, 25 euthanasia, 12, 163–64n42 Eve, 36, 37, 41, 139 family, 154, 155, 156; Plato on, 155, 170n117 fetus, 2, 3, 46, 50, 51, 54, 67, 82n116: 83n121, 87n173; human status of, 51–52, 53, 62, 104; as nefesh, 43–45; as rodef, 47, 49, 53, 104; saving the life of a, 58, 83n121 Gandhi, Mahatma, 9 gestation, 51, 54, 55, 56, 57, 60, 62, 70 God, ix, xi, 5, 8, 10, 16, 17, 18, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 28, 30, 34, 44, 74n5, 78n76, 101, 103, 114, 122, 126, 128, 133, 134, 135, 139, 142, 167n83, 167n87, 168n106, 169n111, 170n120; anthropomorphism in speaking of, 77n50; authority of, 143; awe of, 128; and commandments, 25, 32, 37, 38, 39, 40, 79n87, 105, 108n24, 137; as creator of life, 123–24; fear of, 128, 164–65n55; humans as image of, 25, 36, 37, 38, 79n82, 79–80n91, 105; human relationship with, ix–x, 20, 33, 35, 37–38, 123, 142; imitation of, 101, 102, 109n33, 138; as judge, 102, 142; justice of, 134; Kant on, 8, 10; law of, 31; and physicians, 93–96, 102, 129; and the Temple, xi Griesz, Germain: on natural law, 15 Haggai (prophet), 117, 119, 162n19 Hanina ben Teradyon (Rabbi), 122, 123, 124, 125 halakha. See under law: Jewish health care: in Canada, 91, 92; in the United States, 91–92, 159; universal, ix, 102, 103–4, 111, 112 Hegel, G. W. F., 78n71 182 Index Heschel, Abraham Joshua, 34 heteronomy, 106, 121, 146 Hippocrates, 114 Hisda (Rav), 52 Hitler, Adolf, 9, 156 Holocaust, 48, 156 holy (qadosh), x–xii homicide. See murder homosexuality, 15–16, 32 Hume, David, 37 Hutterites, 157–58 in vitro fertilization, 3, 41...