-
Index
- Dartmouth College Press
- Chapter
- Additional Information
Index alpha-amylase, 81, 82 abiotic changes, 101–2 Abraham, Solomon, 3 absorption of nutrients, 80, 86–89 access to food. See food, access to acetyl coenzyme A/acetyl CoA, 63 active transport, 88 acts of God theories. See food availability decline (FAD) theory acts of man theories. See food entitlement decline (FED) theory adenosine triphosphate (ATP), 62, 86, 87, 93, 174 adhesins, 214–15 aerobic metabolism, 64–65 Africa: agricultural challenges in, 268–72; conflicts in, 22, 190–92, 197, 278; democratization in, 23–24; disease prevention measures and challenges, 20–21, 22, 272, 293n46; education of girls, 273–74; ESAPs in, 132; female mortality in pregnancy and childbirth, 275; foreign land ownership in, 278–79; and genetically modified/ engineered organisms, 260, 282, 283; and Internet, 281; maize in, 248–49, 269–70, 271, 283; and microfinance institutions, 280–81; moral economy, 128–29; natural resources in post-colonial, 190–98, 262; nutritional transition to maize, 248; population growth, 202; regional institutions, 279; and wealth paradox, 21–24, 189, 190–98. See also starvation and famine in Africa; Sub-Saharan Africa African Peace and Security Architecture (APSA), 278 aggression and bond formation, 231-240; appeasement gestures, 239; cooperation, 240–45; functions of aggression, 232; functions of pair bonding, 233; human plasticity, 234; individual bonds, 237–38; militant enthusiasm, 238–39; social organization without love, 236–37; synopsis, 245–46 agribusiness in U.S., 150–51, 282, 283 Agricultural Act (1949), 147, 149 Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act (1954), 147 agriculture: cash crops, 128–29, 131, 183–84, 197; challenges in Africa, 268–72; in China, 204, 205, 206, 207; commoditization of, by colonial powers, 128–29, 183–84, 248; and divergence of evolution, 99–101; early warning systems for crop failures, 14; famine as result of, 98; and Great Irish Famine, 44, 45, 49; and human divergence, 99–101; industrialization and energy use, 101; labor shortage effect of HIV/AIDS pandemic, 32; monoculture , 32, 44, 45, 105, 110, 154–55, 269; El Niño/La Niña effects on rain-fed, 200; origins of, 96–99, 100, 102; revolutions in, 101–7; and tragedy of the commons, 107–9. See also food production alpha-linolenic acid, 68 allergies, 216 amino acids, 66, 69, 80-83, 90-93, 95, 157, 159-160, 164, 166–67 amphipathic compounds, 85 anabolic state, 90–91, 159–60 anabolism, defined, 61 anaerobic metabolism, 62–63 anatomy of nutrition, 78–80 anemia, 177 animal behavior, 230–31, 234, 235–38 anonymity of the flock, 235–36 anorexigenic hormones, 163 324 [] Index appeasement gestures, 239 appetite stimulators and suppressants, 162–63 APSA (African Peace and Security Architecture ), 278 aquifer, 72 Arab Agricultural Revolution, 102, 103–4 Archea bacteria, 59–60 Aristotle, 107, 226 artificial famines, 123, 295n3, 300–301n2 Ashton, Philip, 257–58 ATP (adenosine triphosphate), 62, 64, 87, 93 Australia, 209–10 autotrophs, 60, 63 Axelrod, Robert, 244 banality of death, 223–25 Ban Ki-moon, 17 Banting, Frederick, 159 Bearak, Barry, 130, 134–35 behavior. See human behavior/nature Belgium, 194 beri-beri, 169 Berzelius, Jön Jacob, 69 Best, Charles, 159 beta islet cells, 91, 159, 160 beta-oxidation, 65 biblical references to famine, 36, 56, 106 bile salts, 84–85 Bill Emerson Humanitarian Trust, 147, 148 Binford, L. R., 97 Binford, S. R., 97 biofuels, 17, 18–19, 263, 279–80 biological evolution, 99–100 biology (human) and political behavior. See political behavior The Biology of Human Starvation (Keys), 56 biosynthesis, defined, 62 birthrate in hunter-gatherer societies, 98 Black, R. E., 177 body mass index (BMI), 161–62 bond formation and aggression. See aggression and bond formation Book of Revelation, 212 Borlaug, Norman, 105 “bottom billion,” 6, 7, 17–19, 20, 46, 203. See also poorest of the poor population brain: complexity of, 229; importance of glucose for, 90, 92 Brandt, Willy, 260–61 Bread for the World, 15 Britain, 179, 180–81. See also Great Irish Famine case study British Agricultural Revolution, 102, 104 British Association for the Relief of Distress in Ireland and the Highlands of Scotland, 116 Brown, Lester, 189, 205, 206, 207, 263 B vitamins, importance in metabolism, 64, 65 Byerlee, Derek, 271 Cahill, George F., Jr., 92–93, 94, 95 calories/kilocalories, 67 Calvin, Melvin, 61 Calvin cycle, 61 Camfed, 273–75 Canada, 142, 143 carbohydrates, 62–65, 67, 81–82, 163–64 Carnegie Nutrition Laboratory, 57 Cartagena Convention, 283 Carter, Jimmy, 152 cash crops, 45, 128–29, 131, 133, 183–84, 197 catabolic state...