Twentieth-Century Texas: A Social and Cultural History

Index

447 19th Street Baptist Church (Austin), 153 9/11 attack, 142, 145 1918, 239 A Case of Lone Star, 240 A Clean Well Lighted Place Art Gallery, 284–85 A Cloud of Witnesses, 230 A Cold Mind, 241 A Corner in Wheat, 246 A Cowtown Chronicle, 236 A Daughter of France, 173 A History of Texas Artists and Sculptors, 268, A Journey Through Texas, 221 A Knife in the Back, 241 A Nation at Risk, 379, A Perfect World, 263 A Texas Steer, 248, 260 A Texian Trilogy, 230 A Vaquero of the Brush Country, 225, 250 A Walk on the Wild Side, 259 Abbott, James D., 403 Abilene, Tx., 307 Abilene Christian College, 316 academic freedom, 370, 382 Adair, Christia, 75 Adams, Andy, 225 Adams, Bud, 311 Adcock, Betty, 237 Adler, “Lefty,” 283 Adventures with a Texas Naturalist, 221, 226 aerospace industries, 327 African Americans, 105 as a percentage of the population, 70, 84–85, 100–01 discrimination against, 70–71 women, 71, 75, 112, 113, 120–21, 124 women and prohibition, 116 education, 71, 88, 90–94 racial violence, 72, 76, 81–84, 96–97 newspapers, importance of, 73 religion, 74, 136, 152–53 fraternal organizations, 74–75 segregation, 75–76, 78–81 the Galveston storm of 1900, 76–77 voting rights, 80–81, 88–90, 93 Jesse Washington atrocity, 81–82 race riots, 82–83 Brownsville, Tx., incident, 82–83, 103n Ku Klux Klan, 83–84, 87, 88 the Great Migration, 85 Black Power, 96, 98 Texas Southern University, violence at, 96 music, 97–98 Index ★ 20centtxtext.indd 447 20centtxtext.indd 447 1/18/08 1:50:29 PM 1/18/08 1:50:29 PM 448 INDEX Brown v Board of Education (1954), 93–94 desegregation, public education, 93–95, 98–99 desegregation, public facilities, 95–96, 99 student “sit-ins,” 95 political successes of, 98–99 as farm laborers, 105–06 After Aztlan: Latino Poetry of the Nineties, 237 Agatite, 241 Age of Foundations, 345 (See philanthropy) Agricultural Research and Extension Center at Weslaco, 435 Agricultural Research Service, 436 Agriculture, 18, 51, 105, 175, 399, 418, 424, 432, 435 Aguilar, Pedro, 49 Ai (Anthony, Florence), 238 Aikin, A. M. Jr., 370, 371 Aikman, Troy, 312 Air Control Board, 396 Air Force (U.S), 122–23, 184, 187, 236, 316 Al Quaran-Was-Sunnah Society, 142 Alabama and Coushatta Indian Tribes of Texas Restoration Act (1987), 30 Alabama-Coushatta Indians, 5, 9, 10–11 and religion, 11, 20, 22 and basketball, 13 assimilation of, 13, 20 government recognition of, 14–15 education of, 16–17, impact of WW II, 17–18, 20 relations with state and federal authorities, 18–20, 22, 26, 27 and tourism, 21–22, 26 preservation of tradition, 22–23, 25–26, 31, 32 dispute with Big Sandy High School, 28 casino gambling, 28–29 claim to east Texas land, 31 symbol of Texas’ heritage, 32 Alamo, 1, 204, 319 in literature, 235 heroes of, 252, 271 in films, 253–54, 262 in art, 270–71 Alamo City, 270 (See San Antonio) Albert, Susan Wittig, 240 Albright, Lloyd, 273 Aldrin, Edwin Jr. “Buzz”, 426 Alexander, John, 426 Ali, Muhammad, 321 All the Dead Lie Down, 240 All the Pretty Horses, 233 Allee, A. Y., 60 Allen, Dalis, 201 Allen, Fred, 180 Allen, Larry, 312 Alley Theatre, 238 Allred, James V., 48 Amarillo, Tx., 32, 137, 267, 273, 275–76, 283, 287, 307, 408 Amateur Athletic Union (AAU), 317 American Association of University Professors (AAUP), 182 American Baptist Convention of Texas, 152 American Basketball Association (ABA), 315 American Board of Catholic Missions, 139 American Empire, 259 American Federation of Arts, 272 American Football League (AFL), 311 American G. I. Forum Women’s Auxiliary, 126 American GI Forum (AGIF), 51, 53, 54, 56, 58 American Indian Center (Dallas), 25 20centtxtext.indd 448 20centtxtext.indd 448 1/18/08 1:50:30 PM 1/18/08 1:50:30 PM INDEX 449 American Indian Law Project of Legal Services of North Texas, 32 American League, 301, 303, 304 Americanization movement, 366 Paredes, Américo, 319, 235, 243, 261 Ames, Jessie Daniel, 118 Amish, 147 Amon Carter Collection of Western Art, 343 Amon G. Carter Foundation, 342 Anderson Cancer Hospital, 424 Anderson, Adrian, 2 Anderson, Broncho Billy, 249 Anderson, Clayton & Co., 423 Anderson, Frank, 316 Anderson, Monroe Dunaway, 423 Anderson, Sen. Clinton, 24 Andrews County, 409 Angel of Death, 241 Anglos, 1, 3, 42, 45, 48...