Remembering Roadside America: Preserving the Past as Landscape and Place

Notes

NOTES 1. The Journey Begins 1. Coauthored books include The Gas Station in America (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, 1994); The Motel in America, with Jefferson S. Rogers (Baltimore : Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, 1996); Fast Food: Roadside Restaurants in the Automobile Age (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, 1999); Lots of Parking : Land Use in a Car Culture (Charlottesville: Univ. of Virginia Press, 2004); Signs in America’s Auto Age: Signatures of Landscape and Place (Iowa City: Univ. of Iowa Press, 2004); Motoring: The Highway Experience in America (Athens: Univ. of Georgia Press, 2008); and America’s Main Street Hotels: Transiency and Community in the Early Auto Age (Knoxville: Univ. of Tennessee Press, 2009). 2. John B. Jackson, “Other-Directed Houses,” Landscape 6 (Winter 1956– 57): 31. 3. [James Agee], “The Great American Roadside,” Fortune, Sept. 1934, 53. 4. David Blanke, Hell on Wheels: The Promise and Peril of America’s Car Culture, 1900–1940 (Lawrence: Univ. Press of Kansas, 2007), 17. 5. Darrell A. Norris, “Roadside America: A Twilight Landscape,” Pioneer America Society Transactions 9 (1986): 39. 6. Since 1993 the Society for Commercial Archeology has published the SCA Journal, a quarterly magazine devoted to celebrating relics of Roadside America. 7. Norris, “Roadside America,” 40. 8. Douglas W. Rae, City: Urbanism and Its End (New Haven: Yale Univ. Press, 2003), 60. 9. Ibid., 228. 10. See John A. Jakle, “Landscapes Redesigned for the Automobile,” in Michael P. Conzen, ed., The Making of the American Landscape, 294 (Boston: Unwin Hyman, 1990). 238 Notes to Pages 8–11 11. Jakle and Sculle, Motoring, 19. 12. Ibid., 29. 13. See Joseph Interrante, “The Transformation of America,” in David L. Lewis and Laurence Goldstein, eds., The Automobile and American Culture, 89–104 (Ann Arbor: Univ. of Michigan Press, 1983). 14. See Jakle and Sculle, Lots of Parking, 10–11. 15. Rae, City, 229. 16. See James J. Flink, “Three Stages of American Automobile Consciousness ,” American Quarterly 24 (Oct. 1972): 451–73. 17. Lewis Mumford, The Highway and the City (New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1964), 244–45. 18. Robert Lynd and Helen Lynd, Middletown: A Study in Modern American Culture (New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1956), 251–63. Also see David L. Lewis, “Sex and the Automobile: From Rumble Seats to Rockin Vans,” in Lewis and Goldstein, eds., The Automobile and American Culture, 123–33. 19. Recent Social Trends in the United States, vol. 1 (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1933), 177; quoted in Blanke, Hell on Wheels, 49. 20. Peter Freund and George Martin, The Ecology of the Automobile (Montreal : Black Rose Books, 1993), 7. 21. See K T. Berger, Where the Road and the Sky Collide: America through the Eyes of Its Drivers (New York: Henry Holt, 1993), 368. 22. For a discussion of roadside signage and roadside visualization in motoring , see John A. Jakle and Keith A. Sculle, Signs in America’s Auto Age: Signatures of Landscape and Place (Iowa City: Univ. of Iowa Press, 2004), 117–43. 23. Barney Warf, Time-Space Compression: Historical Geographies (New York: Routledge, 2008), 153–55. 24. See David Harvey, The Urbanization of Capital: Studies in the History and Theory of Capitalist Urbanization (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, 1985); and Neil Smith, Uneven Development: Nature, Capital and the Production of Space (Oxford, UK: Blackwell, 1996). 25. For an introduction to the landscape concept, see John Brinkerhoff Jackson, Landscape in Sight: Looking at America, edited by Helen Lefkowitz Horowitz (New Haven: Yale Univ. Press, 1997); D. W. Meinig, ed., The Interpretation of Ordinary Landscapes: Geographical Essays (New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1979); John A. Jakle, The Visual Elements of Landscape (Amherst: Univ. Notes to Pages 11–19 239 of Massachusetts Press, 1987); and George F. Thompson, ed., Landscape in America (Austin: Univ. of Texas Press, 1995). 26. For an overview on the concept of place, see Allan Pred, “Place as Historically Contingent Process: Structuration and the Time-Geography of Becoming Places,” Annals of the Association of American Geographers 74 (1984): 279–97; Robert D. Sack, “The Consumer’s World: Place as Context,” Annals of the Association of American Geographers 78 (1987): 642–64; and Kathleen Stewart, A Space on the Side of the Road: Cultural Politics in an “Other” America (Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press, 1996). 27. John R. Stilgoe, Outside Lies the Magic: Regaining History and Awareness in Everyday Places (New York: Walker & Co., 1998), 6. 28. See John B. Jackson, “The Stranger’s Path,” Landscape 7...