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INDEX
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! INDEX access: to bilingual programs, 128–29; to Guadalupe v. Tempe Elementary School District and, 138–39; legislacommunication and language, 11, 23, 47, 155–57; to court, 6, 57–58; tion regarding, 129–34; Martin Luther King Junior Elementary School creating, and resources, 96; to language -rich environment, 31–37 Children v. Ann Arbor School District and, 140–41; Serna v. Portales Municadministrative hearings, 46 adult intermediary, and interpreted educa- ipal Schools and, 136 Bilingual Education Act, 129, 130 tion, 39 advertising, 86–89, 90–91 bilingual skills, accommodating, 119, 120 “black English,” 140 Alabama, 71–72 Alone in the Mainstream (Oliva), 37 Board of Education v. Pico, 54 Board of Education v. Rowley, 47, 58, 89, American Sign Language (ASL): as community -based, 141; as first language, 104. See also Rowley, Amy books, recommended, 12 119–20; as native language base, 126–27; signing systems compared Bradlaugh, Charles, xiv–xv Brougham v. Town of Yarmouth, 58–59 to, 23 annoy, right to, 82–83 Brown v. Board of Education: education in 1866 and, 101; as equal protection Apuzzo, Mah-Rya, 29 Arizona, 138–39 case, 96, 103–4; Nabrit and, xiii; overview of, xi–xii armbands, right to protest war by wearing, 53–54 ASL. See American Sign Language (ASL) California, 108–10, 129 Castaneda v. Pickard, 134–36 association, right to: denial of, 74–75; judicial application of, 70–75; overview cigarette advertising, 88–89 Cintron v. Brentwood Union Free School Disof , 68–70 trict, 136–38 civil lawsuits, 84 bilingual education: access to, 128–29; Castaneda v. Pickard and, 134–36; Cin- civil rights movement, 120–21 classroom exchanges, example of, 15–17, tron v. Brentwood Union Free School District and, 136–38; definition of, 106–7 commercial information, 86–89 138, 141; federal budget for, 148; 159 160 / Index communication: between deaf and hearing Denmark, 20 development of language: educational children, 36–37; definition of, 18– 19, 50; freedom to communicate, growth and, 28–31; judicial recognition of importance of, 142; schools 49–52; hateful, 85–86; IEP and, 7, 56; opening channels of, 87. See also and, 40–41 Dewey, John, 23 communication and language communication access: IDEA and, 47; prov- differences within group, 9–10, 21–22 discrimination: equal protection of law and, ing need for, 6, 11 communication and language: access to, 97–101; in private sector, 97; voting, language, and, 121 22–23, 155–57; deafness and, 20– 23; devaluation of, 47; human experi- dispute resolution process, 57 Douglas, William O., 50 ence and, 17–18; right to, definition of, 8–9; role of, in educational due process hearings, 5, 64–67, 78 growth, 28–30 community, language-based, 119, 121–22, education: democratic values and, 52–53, 110; for illegal immigrants, 111–13; 133. See also Deaf community cost issues: accommodations, 45; administra- importance of, 109–11; interpreted, 37–40; right to under Fourteenth tive hearings, 45; funding for IDEA, 55; institutional impact of constitu- Amendment, 101–4, 108–11, 113– 14. See also bilingual education; tional right, 147–48; property-based funding of education, 108–10 schools; special-education classes educational growth, role of communication courts: access to, 6, 57–58; IDEA and, 58– 61; right to association and, 70–75. and language in, 28–30 English-only rules, 121–22 See also U.S. Supreme Court cross burning, 85–86 Equal Educational Opportunity Act, 130, 139–42 Cued Speech, 22, 141 culture and language, 118, 119, 121–22, “equal protection” of law: Brown v. Board of Education and, 103–4; language and, 133 121–22; right to, 95–97; tests of, 97–101 damaging information, 83–84 dangerous speech, 79–82 Davies, John W., 103 Falwell, Jerry, 90 FAPE (free and appropriate public educaday schools, and peers, 8 Deaf community: as cultural and linguistic tion), 55 fingerspelling, 15 minority, 71–72; movement toward and into, 9–10; population of, 21 First Amendment: broad nature of, 48–49; commercial information and, 86–89; deafness, and communication and language, 20–23 damaging or libelous information and, 83–85; dangerous speech and, debate over “right” or “best” language system , 10, 22–23 79–82; hateful communication and, 85–86; IDEA and, 54–58; judicial Declaration of Rights for Parents of English Language Learners (NCLB), 132 application of right to association, 70–75; obscenity and, 89–91; rights deliberate communication, 18 democratic values and education, 52–53, 110 recognized under, xiii–xiv, 11, 78– [44.192.53.34] Project MUSE (2024-03-28...