Frequency of Occurrence and Ease of Articulation of Sign Language Handshapes: The Taiwanese Example

References

References Abraham A. S., and L. Lisker. 1970. Discriminability along the voicing continuum : Cross language tests. In Proceedings ofthe Sixth International Congress ofPhonetic Science, 569-73. Prague: Academia. Anderson, S. 1981. Why phonology isn't "natural." Linguistic inquiry 12 (4):493-539. ---. 1985. Phonology in the twentieth century. Chicago: Chicago University Press. Ann, 1. 1992a. Physiological constraints in Taiwan Sign Language handshapechange . Nordic Journal ofLinguistics 15 (2):143-57. ---. 1992b. Physiological constraints on two-finger handshapes. In Papers from the twenty-eighth regional meeting ofthe Chicago Linguistic Society, ed. C. P. Canakis, G. P. Chan, and J. Marshall Denton, 1-11. ---. 1993a. A linguistic investigation of physiology and handshape. Ph.D. diss., Dept. of Linguistics, University of Arizona, Tucson. --. 1993b. Review of the phonetics of fingerspelling by Shennan Wilcox. Language and Speech 36 (4):471-75. ---. 1996. On the relation between the difficulty and the frequency of occunence of handshapes in two sign languages. Lingua 98: 19-41. ---.2005. A functional explanation of Taiwan Sign Language handshape frequency. Language and Linguistics 6 (2):217-45. Ann, J., and B. L. Pengo 2000. Optimality theory and opposed bandshapes in Taiwan Sign Language. University of Rochester Working Papers in the Language Sciences 1 (2): 173-94. Archangeli, D., and D. Pulleyblank. 1994. Grounded phonology. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Baker, S. 2003. The perception of handshapes in American Sign Language. Ph.D. diss., Dept. of Linguistics, University of Delaware, Newark. Basmajian, 1. V. 1978. Muscles alive! Theirfunctions revealed by electromyography . Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins. Battison, R. 1974. Phonological deletion in American Sign Language. Sign Language Studies 5: 1-19. ---. 1978. Lexical borrowing in American Sign Language. Silver Spring, MD: Linstok Press. Boersma, P. 1998. Functionalphonology: Formalizing the interactions between articulatory and perceptual drives. Amsterdam: Netherlands Graduate School of Linguistics. Boersma, P., 1. Dekkers, and 1. van der Weijer. 2000. Introduction to Optimality theory: Phonology, syntax and acquisition, ed. J. Dekkers, F. van der Leeuw, and J. van del' Weijer. New York: Oxford University Press. Bonvillian, J. D., and T. Siedlecki Jr. 2000. Young children's acquisition ofthe formational aspects of American Sign Language. Sign Language Studies 1 (1):45-64. Boyes-Braem, P. 1973. The acquisition of the dez (handshape) in American Sign Language: A preliminary analysis. Salk Working Paper., Salk Institute , La Jolla, CA. --. 1981. Features ofthe handshape in American Sign Language. Ph.D. diss., Dept. of Psychology, University of California at Berkeley. ---. 1990. Acquisition of the handshape in American Sign Language: A preliminary analysis. In From gesture to language in hearing and deaf children, ed. V. Volterra and C. Erting, 107-27. Springer Series in Language and Communication 27. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. Brand, P. W. 1985. Clinical mechanics ofthe hand. St. Louis, MO: Mosby. Brentari, D. 1988. Partial predictability in ASL handshape change. Paper presented at the Theoretical Issues in Sign Language Research Conference (TISLR), Gallaudet University, Washington DC. ---. 1990. Theoretical foundations of American Sign Language phonology. Ph.D. diss., Dept. of Linguistics, University of Chicago. References 193 ---. 1998. A prosodic model ofsign language phonology. Cambridge MA: MIT Press. Brentari, D., H. van del' Hulst, E. van der Kooij, and W. Sandler. 1996. One over all and all over one: A model for the phonological representation of handshape. Paper presented at the Fifth International Conference on Theoretical Issues in Sign Language Research, University of Quebec and McGill University, September, Montreal, QC, Canada. Browman, C. P., and L. M. Goldstein. 1985. Dynamic modeling of phonetic structure. In Phonetic linguistics: Essays in honor ofPeter Ladefoged, ed. V. Fromkin, 35-53. Orlando. FL: Academic Press. - - . 1986. Towards an articulatory phonology. Phonology Yearbook 3: 219-52. ---. 1990a. Gestural specification using dynamically-defined articulatory structures. Journal ofPhonetics 18: 299-320. ---. 1990b. Representation and reality: Physical systems and phonological structure. Journal of Phonetics 18: 411-24. ---. 1990c. Tiers in articulatory phonology with some implications for casual speech. In Papers in laboratory phonology: Between the grammar and the physics ofspeech, ed. J. Kingston and M. Beckman. 341-76. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. ---. 1992. Articulatory phonology: An overview. Phonetica 49: 15580 . ---. 1995. Gestural syllable position effects in American English. In Producing speech: Contemporary issues for Katherine Safford Harris, ed. F. Bell-Berti and L. J. Raphael, 19-34. Woodbury, NY: American Institute of Physics. Bybee. J. L. 1999. Usage-based phonology. InFunctionalismandformalism in linguistics. VoL 1, General papers, ed. M. Darnell, E. Moravcsik, F. Newmeyer, M. Noonan, and K. Wheatley, 211--42. Philadelphia: John Benjamins. ---. 2000. The...