Pinky Extension and Eye Gaze: Language Use in Deaf Communities

Index

Index Acculturation model for learners of ASL, 21 3-30 activities to facilitate, 223 - 29 adaptation, 217-18 affective factors, 220-22 assimilation, 216, 226 attitude of hearing and Deaf people toward one another, 219, 224 beginning and intermediate ASL learners, 223 -26 cohesiveness, 218-19, 226 congruence, 219, 225-26 culture shock, 221, 228-29 ego-permeability, 222, 227 enclosure, 218, 228 inhibition, effect, 222, 227 intended length of stay in new culture, 220, 227 intermediate and advanced ASL learners, 226-29 language shock, 220-21, 228 motivation, 222, 228 nonmanual signs, use of, 225-26 preservation, 2 16- I 7 silent dinners, 226-28 social dominance patterns, 215-16, 223- 2 4 social factors, 214-20 stereotypes of Deaf people, 223 visual-training exercises, 225-26 ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act), lI5 American Asylum for the Education of the Deaf and Dumb, 104-5 American Sign Language (ASL) acceptance by linguistic and educational communities, lIO acculturation model for learners of, 21 3-30 conversational repairs. See Conversational repairs in ASL Deaf-Blind users, 18-36 facial expressions, 3I foreign language, treatment of ASL as, 225 grammatical differences from BSL, 55 native users, 116 pinky extension. See Pinky extension poetry in, 183, 185-87 pronominal reference. See Pronominal reference in ASL and eye gaze prosodic structure, 4- 5 rhythm and rhyme patterns, 18687 ,202 storytelling. See Mapping in storytelling tactile, 18- 37 teachers' fluency in, 109, 124-25, 128 Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), lI5 Asian languages. See Taiwan Sign Language (TSL) ASL. See American Sign Language Asmah, H. 0., 61 Assistive aids and services, I I 5 Attitude of hearing and Deaf people toward one another, 219, 224 Irish hearing and Deaf. See Irish Sign Language Audience involvement strategies, 187-88,191,200-201,206 Back-channel feedback, 31-36, 225 Bahan,B.t, 171, 17~178 Bahan, B. t, and S. t Supalla, 187 275 Baker, C. conversation in ASL research, 167, 220 eye-gaze research, 171 Baker, c., and D. Cokely, 171-72 Barnum, M., 108 Battison, R. fingerspelling loans in ASL, 41 , S4 handshape combinations, 89 Bauer, L., 48 BEA. See Bilingual Education Act of 1968 Bell, Alexander Graham, 105 Bellugi, u., 171 Bellugi, u., and S. Fischer, 171 -72 Bendixen, B., 171 Bilingual Education Act of 1968 (BEA), IIS, 130 Bilingualism British Sign Language (BSL), 43 education of deaf children, 104, 111-13, 123, 126-28, 130-31 Irish Sign Language (ISL), 264-67 Taiwan Sign Language (TSL), 60 Blair, R., 213 "The Blue Book," 248 Body contact, ASL with and without, 22-25,35 Body movement and poetry in ASL, 187 Borrowing British Sign Language, English verb loans. See British Sign Language (BSL) character signs in Taiwan Sign Language . See Taiwan Sign Language (TSL) Boyes Braem, P., 187 British manual alphabet, 41-43 British Sign Language (BSL) fingerspelled English verb loans, 4I -S8 class size, 49 constraints on use of loan verbs, 50 -sr, S6 276 : IN D EX grammatical inflection as factor, 49-50 lack of fingerspelled verbs, 47-50 , S6 length of contact time, 49 lexicalized loan verbs, 54- 55 loans and borrowings, generally, 43 methodology of study, 44-46 morphology, 5I - 54, 56 nonstructural constraints, 48 predominance of noun loans, 47-50 See Hear! (BBC television magazine program for deaf people), 44-45 social factors, 48 spoken languages, borrowing from, 48-50 Irish Sign Language comparison with, 24 I influence on, 246 Burke, Father John, 237, 247 California Educational Code, 116 Cannon, G., 48 Cantonese language, 64 Carroll, c., and S. Mather, 223-24 Characters, Chinese. See Chinese language Character signs, borrowing from Chinese . See Taiwan Sign Language (TSL) Children. See Deaf children Chinese language characters, 64-67 character signs. See Taiwan Sign Language (TSL) dialects, 64-67 English language, comparison with, 66 pinyin, spelling of Chinese in Roman letters, 65 Chinese Sign Language (CSL), 64, 67-68,73 Clerc, Laurent, 105 Cochlear implants, 253 Coded English, 103 Code-switching. See Fingerspelling Cognitive and language development education of deaf children, 110-11 Colville, M., 41 Commission on Education of the Deaf, 108, 112, 115 Comparisons in ASL, 183, 186, 188 Contact sign, 5 Conversation hearing person's learning how to conduct in ASL, 225-26 private conversation, 23 pronominal reference in ASL and eye gaze, 170-82 repairs. See Conversational repairs in ASL; Conversational repairs in English tactile ASL, 19 Conversational repairs in ASL, 137-69 English studies...