Metaphor in American Sign Language

Index

Index 205 Abstraction, 37, 193 in BSL, 51–52 in GIVE sign, 163 iconicity and, 42 metaphorical extension and, 47 ACCURATE IS STRAIGHT metaphor, 129–31 Allophonic variation, 45 American Sign Language (ASL) conditionals, 41 cross-cultural comparisons, 188, 191–93 cultural impact on, 32–35, 182–83, 187–94 cumulative metaphtonymy and, 92–96 data collection in, 54–68 demographics and, 184 “The Dogs” and, 172–94 French Sign Language and, 157n (see also French Sign Language [LSF]) GIVE, 147–70 iconicity in, 4, 36–53 (see also Iconicity) isomorphisms and, 70 mapping and, 69–74, 97–145 markedness and, 3 metonymy and, 85–92, 193–94 preserved on film, 56n RELEASE, 186 significant features of, 44 simile in, 74–85 spatial concepts in, 97–99 time line path, 99–100, 102, 161 travel metaphors, 100–1 tropes in, 10–11, 18–19, 69–96 values, 33 videotapes, 56 See also Classifiers; Handshapes; Metaphor Antithesis, 10 As classifier, 88, 117–20, 123 Athapaskan language, 150 Attributes, 124–25 Autonomous concepts, 30 Asymmetric analysis, 8 Basso, Keith. H., xi, 32–33, 91 Behavior, 124–25 Bellugi, Ursula, 37–38 Berntsen, Dorthe, 193 Bidirectionality, 22 Bigotry, 95 Bilinguals, 59–60, 183 Black, Max, 7–8 Boyes-Braem, Penny, 43–47 Brain ethnographic study and, 62–63 iconic representation of, 70–73 mapping and, 106–7 metonymy and, 95 Brennan, Mary, 44, 50–53 Bridge terms, 8 British Sign Language (BSL), 50–53 Bybee, Joan, 40 Cagle, Keith, 70n Carter, Stephen, 185 Cartoon analogy, 81–82 Catalan Sign language, 138 Categorization, 1–3, 9, 102–3 IDEA metaphor and, 109–11 thinking and, 107–8 tropes and, 10–11 Chain metaphor. See “Dogs, The” (Lentz) Chiappe, Daniel L., 85 Chipewyan language, 150 Cienki, Alan, 127 Classical theory, 1–3 Classifiers, 5 As , 88, 118–20, 123 Boyes-Braem on, 44–45 in BSL, 52 F, 120–23 Flat B, 162 Flat O, 112–16, 123, 146, 150–51, 156 G, 124n, 126–32, 139, 162 with GIVE signs, 148–49 grasping, 117–18 handle, 38, 110–11, 123 mapping and, 72, 104–5 ontological metaphor and, 49 predicate, 88–89 relational matrix for, 73, 74n, 115, 117 simile and, 79n V, 123, 137, 143 See also Size and shape specifiers Coding, 59–60 Cognition, 8–9 domain separation and, 13–14 ethnographic study and, 68 experiential theory and, 66 idealized cognitive model (ICM), 15, 15n, 16 iconicity and, 42 language and, 171 mapping and, 69–74 metaphtonymy and, 92–96 metonymy and, 85–92 simile and, 74–85 theories and, 2 Cognitive linguistics, 64–65 Communication, 22 ethnographic study and, 54–68 Complex metonym, 179 See also Metonymy Conceptual metaphors, 29, 42 Conditional verbs, 41, 41n Conduit metaphor, 22–24, 26, 119 Container metaphor, 26, 49, 54, 62, 67 mapping of, 70–73, 103–9 metonymy in, 144 STRAIGHT used in, 132–33 Contiguity, 10 Controversion comparison theory, 9, 12 Couthen, Al, 184–85 Croft, William, 19, 66–67 Cross-linguistic patterns, 67–68 Crystal, David, 10, 12 Cuban Sign Language, 139 Cued speech, 180 Culture impact on metaphors, 32–35 See also Deaf community, represented in “The Dogs”; Deaf community, cultural values; Deaf culture Cumulative metaphtonymy, 92–96, 126 Current discourse space, 151 Data collection ethnography and, 54–68 informants and setting of, 56–61 Davidson, Donald, 84 Dead metaphors, 27–28 Deaf community, 4, 4n academia and, 176–78 bilingualism and, 59–60, 183 cultural values, 33–35, 191 demographics and, 184 in Europe, 191–93 federal legislation for, 183 interpreting services for, 177–78 language attitudes in, 92–96 negative social unit and, 181–86 politics and, 184–85 represented in “The Dogs,” 172–94 social constraint and, 176–78 theaters and, 179–80 See also American Sign Language (ASL); Deaf culture Deaf culture impact on metaphorical mapping, 187–94 revealed in “The Dogs,” 171–72, 174–85 See also Deaf community Definite article, 13 206 Index De-iconization, 162 DeMatteo, Asa, 42 Diachronic analysis, 3, 11 Boyes-Braem on, 46–47 of G classifier, 130n of GIVE, 166–70 of signing space, 37 Sweetser on, 65 Discriminating and selecting objects, 120–23 “Dogs, The” (Lentz), 171–94 conceptualizations by deaf Europeans, 191–93 involuntary social unity and, 179–81 mapping and impact of, 187–94 metaphors of, 174–76 negative social unit and, 181–86 RELEASE in, 186 representation...