For "Children Who Vary from the Normal Type": Special Education in Boston, 1838-1930

INDEX

INDEX Page numbers in italics indicate photographs. acts. See laws and acts accelerated programs, 148-51. See also rapid advancement classes Adams, Mabel, 105-6, 109-16 Advisory Council for Deaf Children, 106 Allen, Edward E., 158, 159 American Association to Promote the Teaching of Speech to the Deaf, 105 American Asylum at Hartford, 43. See also American School for the Deaf Americanization, 27-28,175 American School for the Deaf, 43, 173 Arnold, Sarah, 37, 172, 175 attendance laws. See compulsory education laws Ayres, Leonard P., 54, 60 BARCT (Boston Association for the Relief and Control ofTuberculosis ), 153 Barnard, Henry, 25 Barr, Martin, 144 BODS (Boston Disciplinary Day School), 123-26, 179 Bell, Alexander Graham, 44, 45, 47, 56, 97, 101, 117; and Visible Speech, 100-103 Bigelow School, 82 Binet, Alfred, 50, 53-55 Binet-Simon scale, 54 Binkley, Katherine M., 162 Bishop, Nathan, 31 Blacks: immigration, 15; population growth, 16, 18 Blackstone, William, 10-11 blind students: educability of, 45-47; Perkins Institution for the Blind, 46, 46, 157-59 board ofsuperintendents (1906), 31 board ofsupervisors (1876), 31 Bobbitt, John Franklin, 60 Boston: colonial period, 10-11; growth of, 11-15; intellectual growth of, 13-15; population changes in, 12, 13-14, 15-20. See also Boston public schools Boston Association for Deaf Children, 112 Boston Association for the Relief and Control ofTuberculosis (BARCT), 153 Boston Consumptives Hospital, 156-57 Boston Disciplinary Day School (BODS), 123-26, 179 Boston Education Act (1789), 21, 30 Boston Latin School, 21, 148 Boston Normal School, 161 Boston Parental School, 118-21 Boston public schools: as cure to urban problems, 20; emergence of 207 208 Index Boston public schools (continued) special education in, 42; history of development, 21-41; national leadership role of, 6-7 Boston School Committee (BSC): accelerated programs for brightest students , 148; businesslike approach of, 31; classification ofstudents by, 32; Committee on Rules and Regulations , 93-94; compulsory education enforcement by, 29; creation of, 21; differentiated education movement, 38; intermediate schools dissolved by, 75-76; monitorial schooling offered by, 68-70; partially blind students, education of, 159; restructuring of, 30-31; special education for mentally deficient students, 128-29, 134; speech improvement classes, approval of, 162; truancy, actions to counter, 119; tuberculosis, education of students with, 151-54; ungraded classes, views on, 86-87, 90 Boston School for Deaf-Mutes: founding of, 93-95; renamed Horace Mann School for the Deaf, 26, 95. See also Horace Mann School for the Deaf The Boston wa~ 142, 146 boys: Boston Disciplinary Day School students, 124-26; special class center for, 136; special classes for misbehavers , 121-22; ungraded classes, number in, 78, 82 Braille, 46-47 Braille, Louis, 46 Bridgman, Lauta, 47, 171 Brooks, Lillian, 109 Brooks, Stratton, 39, 121 BSe. See Boston School Committee bureaucracy of schools, 30-31 Burke, Jeremiah: Boston Disciplinary Day School, 124, 125; efficiency of schools, 31; employment ofthe deaf, 111; home visits of Horace Mann teachers, 112; Horace Mann School for the Deaf, 95, 107, 109, 116; importance ofpublic schooling , 27; speech improvement classes, 164; welfare of individual students, 40 Burkhardt, Mary, 140 business ofeducation. See efficiency Cahill, Harry, 106 Carter, James G., 24, 25 character training, 27 charity schools for impoverished children , 23, 25 child-centered education, 62 child labor laws, 28-30 child study movement, 61-63 chronically ill students, programs for, 151-57 citizenship, 27-28 Clarke Institution for Deaf Mutes (Northampton, Mass.), 93, 94 class size, 79-80. See also student/ teacher ratio Clerc, Laurent, 43, 44 Common Council, 71 common school movement, 24-26 compulsory education laws, 22, 26, 29-30, 174. See also truancy Conley, George, 86, 87, 89 Connecticut Asylum for the Education and Instruction of Deafand Dumb Persons (Hartford), 43, 93, 94 conservation-of-eyesight classes, 15761 , 171 Convention ofAmerican Instructors of the Deaf, 105 Council for Exceptional Children, 176 curriculum: Boston Disciplinary Day School, 125; conservation-ofeyesight classes, 171; differentiation of, 37-41; Horace Mann School for the Deaf, 103-4, 107-9, 171; hospital classes, 157; intermediate schools, 171; open-air classes, 15455 , 171; rapid advancement classes, 148-49, 171; special classes, 138-42; speech improvement classes, 171; ungraded classes, 7982 , 171 Dacey, Theresa, 162, 164, 165 Daniels, Elizabeth A. R.: first special class teacher, 127, 129, 138-39; home visits by, 132; students described by, 142; training of, 143 deaf children: educability of, 43-47; secondary education of, 110; speech improvement...