Transforming Japan: How Feminism and Diversity are Making a Difference

Table of Contents

Preface ix Kumiko Fujimura-Fanselow Introduction xvii Kumiko Fujimura-Fanselow Cultural and HistoriCal PersPeCtives 1. The Struggle for Legal Rights and Reforms: A Historical View 3 Sachiko Kaneko 2. Women in Japanese Buddhism 15 Haruko K. Okano 3. Who’s Afraid of Kiku Amino? Gender Conflict and the Literary Canon 30 Chieko M. Ariga 4. Unions and Disunions: Three Early Twentieth-Century Female Couples 48 Hitomi Sawabe eduCation 5. Educational Challenges Past and Present 71 Kimi Hara and Kumiko Fujimura-Fanselow 6. The Advancement of Women in Science and Technology 89 Atsuko Kameda i ii Contents marriage and families 7. The Changing Patterns of Marriage and Motherhood 105 Aya Ezawa 8. Single Mothers 121 Chieko Akaishi 9. The Formation and Growth of the Men’s Movement 131 Kimio Ito 10. My Life as a Househusband 138 Masaki Matsuda CHanging sexualities 11. Defining Lesbian Partnerships 147 Saori Kamano and Diana Khor 12. Increasing Lesbian Visibility 164 Ikuko Sugiura 13. Dialogue: Three Activists on Gender and Sexuality 177 Chizuka Oe, Masae Torai, and Aya Kamikawa, with Kumiko Fujimura-Fanselow aCtivism for tHe rigHts of minorities 14. The Story of Kalakasan and Migrant Filipinas 199 Leny P. Tolentino and Nanako Inaba 15. Revisiting the“Comfort Women”: Moving beyond Nationalism 213 Yeong-ae Yamashita 16. Buraku Solidarity 229 Risa Kumamoto 17. Ainu, Buraku, and Zainichi Korean Activists Rise Up 239 Yuriko Hara iii v iv doors to emPloyment oPen and Close 18. Employment and Poverty 257 Mami Nakano 19. Japanese Women Professional Wrestlers and Body Image 268 Keiko Aiba 20. Migrants and the Sex Industry 284 Kaoru Aoyama 21. The Nonprofit Sector 302 Nami Otsuki feminism and PolitiCal Power 22. Japan’s First Phase of Feminism 317 Mioko Fujieda 23. Backlash Against Gender Equality after 2000 337 Midori Wakakuwa and Kumiko Fujimura-Fanselow 24. The Politicization of Housewives 360 Yoko Kunihiro 25. Profiles of Two Politicians 376 Yoko Kunihiro Notes on Contributors 397 Acknowledgments 407 vi vii Japanese practice places the family name or surname preceding the given or “first” name. However, since the text is in English , many readers will expect the names to appear in Western order. In addition, several authors included as writers, subjects, or references are known in countries outside of Japan where their names have appeared in Western order. Therefore I have followed the Western order of placing the given name first, followed by the family name. ...