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217 Subject Index ‫ﱜ‬ Acmonia, 15–16, 21 Adiabene, 22, 24–25, 155n11 Alexandria, 48, 162n11, 165n32 Ananias, 24-25 Antioch, Syria, 5, 18, 32-34, 36, 39-40, 43, 72, 73, 83, 90, 117, 119, 158nn7-8, 178n4 Antiochus III, 92, 107 Aphrodisias, 13-14, 21, 22 Aquila, 106, 133, 175n8 Asia Minor, 84, 92, 97, 101, 105, 107, 119, 161n27; Christians in, 30, 41; Jews in, 80-82, 98, 114, 177n27; judaizers in, 6-7, 9, 71, 73, 74, 91, 117 atheism, 19-20 Augustus, 80, 92, 171n13 authors, 8, 16-17, 70, 75-76, 80, 159n18, 169n5 baptism, 63, 66, 120, 158n9, 167n42 Bar Kochba revolt, 6, 44, 91, 92, 123, 170n10, 175n3 Barnabas, 32, 48, 72, 82, 119, 178n5 Berenice (great-granddaughter of Herod the Great), 19, 21, 156n13 Bithynia, 82, 105, 161n27 Caesar, 92, 171n13 canon, 103 Capernaum, 16 Cappodocia, 105 Cerdo, 102 Charax Spasinou, 24 Christianity, 95-96; acknowledgement of Jewish foundation in, 1-2, 68, 90, 91, 115-16, 117-18, 121-23, 163nn23-24; anti-Jewish rhetoric in writings of, 2, 3, 5-8, 43, 49, 52-59, 64-66, 73, 99, 101, 117, 127, 129, 137-39, 140, 144, 146-49, 150-51, 154n8, 164n25, 182nn33-34, 183n41; conversion to, 17, 30, 37, 39, 93, 102, 106, 118, 130, 131, 160n25, 167n42, 179n8; and covenant, 3, 51-52, 54, 56, 59, 6768 , 77, 120, 178n5; and identity, 1, 43, 65, 72, 99, 117, 120, 122-23, 124-25, 127, 151, 153nn1-2, 170n8; interaction with Judaism, 6, 9, 79, 105-6, 109-10, 113-14, 119, 120, 124-25, 127, 136-40, 148, 150-52, 166n41, 169n7, 173n30, 175n7, 176nn12, 15, 181n18, 183nn40, 42; martyrs to, 19-20, 102; missionaries for, 129-30, 157n23, 175n7, 179n8; origins of, 1, 6, 71, 134-37, 139-40, 145; separation from Judaism, 1, 9, 50, 51-54, 57-60, 63, 90-92, 101, 102-5, 116, 121-23, 125, 128-29, 131, 132, 149, 175n3, 179n6, 182nn29, 35; superiority to Judaism, 3, 47, 116, 119-20, 124, 128-29, 140-41, 164n25; supplants Judaism, 76-78, 79, 85, 91, 93, 98, 110-11, 116, 120-21, 122, 124, 129-30, 132, 133, 170nn8, 10, 177n20, 179n7; worship practices in, 107. See also Christians, Gentile; Christians, Jewish; judaizers Christians, Gentile, 7, 95-96, 153n4, 163nn23-24; and attraction of Judaism, 10, 43, 47-48, 56-57, 5960 , 71-73, 85, 90, 95, 98, 101, 105, 106, 117, 133, 141, 145, 147, 160n22, 164n29, 178n2; and conflict with Jews, 73, 113-14; and contact with Jews, 47-48, 115, 127, 133; criticisms of, 5, 7, 30-31; and Jewish law, 62, 89, 94, 179n4; persecution of, 35-36, 74-76, 80-81, 98, 110, 118, 170n12; presence of, 7; and pressure to judaize, 3, 37, 4041 , 44, 68-69, 71, 72, 96-99, 11819 , 141-43, 158n7, 160n21, 174n39; relationship to Jewish Christians of, 9, 32-33, 86-89, 96, 97, 127, 13132 , 136-37, 172n28, 181nn23-25; status of, 37, 93, 111, 116, 121; warned against judaizing, 49-50, 109, 147, 182n30. See also Christians, Jewish; Gentiles; judaizers Christians, Jewish, 79, 95, 122, 140, 153n5, 160n25; Paul’s praise of, 5, 38, 118; criticisms of, 50, 99, 13537 ; and pressure to judaize, 3, 3435 , 70-71, 118, 158n7, 174n39; relationship to Gentile Christians, 9, 32-33, 39, 86-89, 96, 97, 127, 13132 , 136-37, 172n28, 181nn23-25. See also Christians, Gentile; judaizers Chrysostom, John, 5, 6, 43, 117, 133, 140, 144, 146, 150, 183nn38-39 circumcision, 25, 32-39, 48, 72, 172n21; for Gentiles, 97, 159n15, 160n21, 40, 43, 174n40, 178n1; for Jews, 160n25, 165n35; non-literal, 56-57, 120; purpose of, 12, 31, 94, 158n9, 173n34; as requirement, 7071 , 88, 161n26, 172n22; warning against, 7, 157n5 Clemens, Flavius, 19-20, 21, 26, 156n14 Clement of Alexandria, 48 Community Rule, 61 Corinth, 131 covenant, 149, 180n17; belongs equally, 3, 51, 54, 59; belongs only to Christians, 50, 52, 77, 178n5; and circumcision, 38; dual, 67-68, 120, 146, 148, 182n29 Damascus, 14-15, 18, 21 Dead Sea Scrolls, 62 Derbe, 39-40 Dialogue with Trypho, 73, 77, 91-99, 106, 118, 121, 123, 139, 178n6 Didache, 43, 118, 166n40; anti-Jewish rhetoric in, 64-66, 72, 83, 119-20; origins of, 59-63, 166nn36, 39 diocetics, 83-84, 86-87, 171nn17, 19 Doctrina, 62 Domitian, 19, 21, 26, 45, 73, 80, 162n4, 169n1 Domitilla, 19-20, 21, 26, 156n14 Ebionites, 131, 168n52 Egypt, 60...

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