Notes Introduction . The round table was “State of the Field: School Desegregation and White Flight,” Annual Meeting of the Organization of American Historians, Seattle, March , . For a sample of such reviews of school desegregation, see Bankston and Caldas, Troubled Dream; Clotfelter, After Brown; Orfield and Eaton, Dismantling Desegregation; Patterson, Brown v. Board of Education. . See Bartley, Rise of Massive Resistance; Gates, Making of Massive Resistance. Later works that focus on this early period include Lassiter and Lewis, The Moderates’ Dilemma; Anderson, Little Rock. . On the busing crises of the s and the post- story of school desegregation, see Mills, Busing U.S.A.; Formisano, Boston Against Busing; Taylor, Desegregation in Boston and Buffalo; Pride and Woodard, The Burden of Busing; Pratt, The Color of Their Skin. On the link between opposition to school desegregation and the new conservatism, see Lassiter , “The Suburban Origins of ‘Color-Blind’ Conservatism.” . In addition to the studies mentioned above, see Gaillard, The Dream Long Deferred; Jacobs, Getting Around Brown; Monti, A Semblance of Justice; Dougherty, More Than One Struggle; Daugherity and Bolton, With All Deliberate Speed. . Klarman, Brown v. Board of Education and the Civil Rights Movement; Lau, From the Grassroots to the Supreme Court; “Round Table”; Burton and O’Brien, eds., Remembering Brown at Fifty. . Theoharis, “‘We Saved the City’”; Hall, “The Long Civil Rights Movement and the Political Uses of the Past.” . Baum, Brown in Baltimore; Pratt, The Color of Their Skin; Lassiter, The Silent Majority. . The Jefferson County Public Schools were given credit for leading Kentucky toward its status as the most integrated state in the nation in Frankenberg, Lee, and Orfield, “A Multiracial Society with Segregated Schools.” . The phrase and inspiration are both drawn from Dittmer, Local People. . I am most influenced here by Frisch, A Shared Authority. For other discussions of this theme in oral history, see Portelli, The Death of Luigi Strastulli; Perks and Thomson, The Oral History Reader; and Charlton, Myers, and Sharpless, Handbook of Oral History. . For more on the Long Civil Rights Movement project, see https://lcrm.lib.unc.edu/ blog/. . These debates are summarized in Elinor A. Maze, “The Uneasy Page: Transcribing and Editing Oral History,” and Richard Candida Smith, “Publishing Oral History: Oral Exchange and Print Culture,” in Charlton, Myers, and Sharpless, Handbook of Oral History. For those interested in unedited versions, the archives contain both the raw recordings and the unedited transcripts. / notes to pages – . On demographic characteristics of the school districts, see Thompson, “School Desegregation in Jefferson County”; and Brady, “Community Influence on Urban School Desegregation.” . On the development of segregation in Louisville, see Wright, Life behind a Veil. Employment statistics are from Population and Housing Statistics for Census Tracts Louisville, Ky. and Adjacent Area. . Wright, A History of Blacks in Kentucky, –, –; Wilson, A Century of Negro Education in Louisville, Kentucky, –. . For more on the Louisville context, see K’Meyer, Civil Rights in the Gateway to the South, introduction and chap. . . I borrow this metaphor from one of those activists, Anne Braden. See, The Wall Between. . C. W. Anderson Jr., to Milton R. Kovitz, March , , NAACP microfilm series B role location ; Charles W. Anderson to Roy and Thurgood, March , , NAACP microfilm series B role location ; “Anderson’s Bill Would Save State $,,; At Terrific Cost to Colored Youth,” Louisville News, March , , clipping in NAACP microfilm series B role location –; “Straining at a Gnat and Swallowing the Old Camel,” Louisville News, March , , clipping in NAACP microfilm series B role location ; Karelen Isom, “Kentucky Senate Defeats Bill to Admit Negro Students to White Colleges,” clipping, March , , NAACP microfilm series B role location –; Hardin, Fifty Years of Segregation, –. . “Committee Favors Ending of Segregation in Schools,” Courier Journal, September , ; “Mayor’s Group Approves Segregation Law Change,” Courier Journal, December , ; “Mayor’s Committee Would Amend Day Law,” Defender, December , ; “Pitt Proposal Seems Doomed,” Defender, February , . . For the story of the legislative effort to overturn the Day Law in spring , and a detailed treatment of early school desegregation in Louisville, see K’Meyer, Civil Rights in the Gateway to the South, chap. . Chapter One . Interview with Barry Bingham by Ethel White, March , , Oral History Center, University Archives, Ekstrom Library at the University of Louisville. . “NAACP Will Ask City to End Park Segregation,” Courier Journal, May , ; “What Louisvillians Think of the Supreme Court Decision,” Defender, May , ; “City, County are Planning Integration,” Courier Journal, May , ; Frank L. Stanley, “Being Frank about People, Places, and Problems,” Defender, June , ; “Will Kentucky Be Last?,” Defender, June , . . “City, County Are Planning Integration,” Courier Journal, May...