Two Troubled Souls: An Eighteenth-Century Couple's Spiritual Journey in the Atlantic World

Contents

Contents Acknowledgments xi Note on Calendars and Currency Exchange Rates xiii Introduction Marriage, Mission, and Migrants in the Atlantic World 1 part i A Young Man’s Path into the Atlantic World 15 1. Alpine Origins 17 2. Pennsylvania: A Troubled Pietist in an Individualist Paradise 30 3. Georgia: Joining a Colony of Rebels 53 4. Giving Europe Another Chance 72 part ii Union in Europe 83 5. A Woman’s Path into the Atlantic World 85 6. The Wedding 93 part iii To the Caribbean They Went 99 7. A Long Journey Together 101 8. Trouble in Suriname 119 9. Salvation and Success on St. Thomas 147 part iv Life in North America 173 10. Crisis and Controversy in Pennsylvania 175 11. Onto the Transatlantic Stage 197 12. Separation, Empowerment, and Flight from Pennsylvania 214 13. A Separate Peace in Georgia 233 Conclusion Seekers at Rest in a World They Could Not Change 259 Appendix Genealogy of Jean-François Reynier of Vevey, 1712–1775 261 Notes 265 Bibliography 291 Index 305 This page intentionally left blank Figures, Maps, and Tables figures i.1 The Marriage of Twelve Moravian Couples in the Saal of Schloß Marienborn in 1743 3 1.1 View of Vevey on Lake Geneva and its Alpine surroundings 19 1.2 View of the town of Vevey, from the south 20 2.1 The Old Main Harbor of Rotterdam 33 2.2 The Needles in the English Channel 36 2.3 Waterspout on the Atlantic Ocean 39 2.4 The South East Prospect of the City of Philadelphia 40 3.1 Savannah in 1734 57 3.2 Von Reck’s depiction of a Yuchi village 59 3.3 Von Reck’s painting of a Yuchi official and his wife 61 4.1 Schloß Marienborn in Wetteravia 75 4.2 View from the northwest of Herrnhaag 77 6.1 A Moravian woman wearing the unique dress of the group 94 7.1 Paramaribo, Suriname, in 1770 109 7.2 Suriname and its plantations in 1737 111 8.1 Sugar plantation operations in eighteenth-century Suriname 135 8.2 Slaves on a sugar plantation in Suriname 136 9.1 Posaunenberg, the Moravian plantation on St. Thomas, in 1757 154 9.2 Baptism of slaves in the Moravian mission on St. Thomas 156 9.3 A “prayer day” at the Moravian slave mission on St. Croix 166 10.1 View of the Moravian community of Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, from the south 179 11.1 Title page of Jean-François Reynier’s published autobiography 203 12.1 Panoramic view of the Ephrata Cloister in Pennsylvania 221 12.2 Saron, the sisters’ house of the Ephrata Cloister 222 12.3 Ephrata sisters wearing habits at the Ephrata Cloister 223 12.4 Kammer, or “cell,” in Saron 227 13.1 Plan of Ebenezer, Georgia 244 13.2 Jerusalem Lutheran Church in Ebenezer, Georgia 245 13.3 Jerusalem Lutheran Church Graveyard 256 maps 1. The Atlantic World in the eighteenth century 5 2. Lake Geneva in the early eighteenth century 18 3. Jean-François Reynier’s emigration route through Europe in 1728 31 4. Jean-François Reynier’s travels in British North America, 1728–39 52 5. The Carolina and Georgia Lowcountry in the eighteenth century 56 6. Suriname in the eighteenth century 110 7. The Reyniers’ journey through the Caribbean in 1743 148 8. The mid-Atlantic colonies of British North America 178 tables 1. Material Goods in the Estate Inventory of Jean-François Reynier, 1775 251 2. Material Goods in the Estate Inventory of Maria Barbara Reynier, 1777 252 ...