Native and National in Brazil: Indigeneity after Independence

Contents

CONTENTS Acknowledgments, xi Abbreviations, xix introduction / Indians without Indigeneity, 1 The Colonialist Renderings of the Present 1 / From Acculturation to Interculturality, 31 Paradigms for Including through Exclusion 2 / On Cannibals and Christians, 63 The Violent Displacements of Nation Building 3 / Anti-Imperialist Imperialism and Other Constructions of Modernity, 105 4 / Unraveling Indianist Hegemony and the Myth of the Brazilian Race, 131 5 / A Native Critique of Sovereignty, 159 The Brazilian Indigenous Movement in the New Millennium epilogue / Postindigenism, 195 appendix / Final Document of the Conference of Indigenous Peoples and Organizations of Brazil, 207 Notes, 211 Bibliography, 263 Index, 301 This page intentionally left blank ILLUSTRATIONS Map of Brazil, xxii Maria da Graça Meneghel (Xuxa), Rio de Janeiro, February 1989, 5 Oscar Pereira da Silva, Desembarque de Pedro Álvares Cabral em Porto Seguro, 1500, 1922, 12 Federal Deputy Mário Juruna, the first indigenous Brazilian elected to the National Congress, Brasília, 1984, 18 List of Brazilian names given to indigenous students on the Laranjinha SPI Post (Paraná), 1 December 1942, 33 Raimundo Roberto Kapêlituk, Bandeira do Brasil [Brazilian Flag], 1948, 34 Frontispiece of the copy of Il guarany given to Dom Pedro II by Antônio Carlos Gomes, 1870, 64 “The Man and His Art: Ornamental Motif of the Extinct Indians of Marajó Island,” 66 Dedication page of the copy of Il guarany gifted to the emperor in 1870, 71 Original score from Carlos Gomes’s Italian-born daughter, Ítala Gomes Vas (sic) de Carvalho, no date, 73 The newspapers Cabichuí (13 May 1867) and Cacique Lambaré (24 July 1867) racialized Paraguay’s struggle against Brazil during the War of the Triple Alliance, 75 Francisco Manuel Chaves Pinheiro, Alegoria do Império Brasileiro, 1872, 79 Brazil as “Indian,” leeched by the Senate and the Câmera, and bled by the Barão de Cotegipe, 80 Rondon Commission’s registration of Terena men, no date, 86 Pedro Américo, Batalha do Avaí, 1872/1877, 88 The baritone de Anna, the first Ibarê, 92 Captured Kaingang children, circa 1912, 103 Entry for the “Former International Reserve of Amazon Forest” in the bogus textbook, An Introduction to Geography, 106 “They want to ‘eat’ our forests!,” 107 Cover of the Sivamzinho Educational Notebook, 113 Map of SPI Indigenous Posts nationwide, 1930, 115 Flag-raising ceremony with Terena students from Mato Grosso, 1942, 118 Karajá community registered by the Rondon Commission, circa 1910, 120 SPI classroom on the Rodolfo Miranda Indigenous Post in Amazonas, circa 1922, 121 “The Kalapalo Bride [Diacuí Canualo Aiute] in her gorgeous white dress”, 141 “Symbol of the National Communion: The wedding, in Rio, of the little Kalapalo Indian to the white sertanista”, 146 José Maria de Medeiros, Iracema, 1884, 151 “Indians” and Brazil’s quincentennial celebration of April 2000, 155 “Former Krenak Indian” with SPI director Modesto Donatini Dias da Cruz, 1946, 186 New and improved “civilized” housing on an SPI indigenous post in Mato Grosso, no date, 186 The city of Altamira (Pará) “before and after” the anticipated construction of the Belo Monte hydroelectric dam, 188 Edition of the Turma da Mônica comic series created by artist Maurício de Sousa in the early 1970s, 198 INBRAPI logotype representing the power of indigenous knowledge to influence Occidental knowledge and dominant society, 201 Marcos Terena participates in “Dialogue Days” during the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development in Rio de Janeiro, 17 June 2012, 203 Founder of the Movimento Indígenas em Ação, Ysani Kalapalo leads a demonstration against the Belo Monte hydroelectric dam in downtown São Paulo, 20 August 2011, 204 Demonstration against the Belo Monte hydroelectric dam in downtown São Paulo, 20 August 2011, 204 ...