Mutiny at Fort Jackson: The Untold Story of the Fall of New Orleans

Notes

notes abbreviations AAS American Antiquarian Society, Worcester, Mass. Butler Papers Benjamin F. Butler Papers, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. CLH Center for Lowell History, Lowell, Mass. Goodhue Correspondence John E. Goodhue, ‘‘Civil War Correspondence,’’ MS 81, Phillips Library, Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, Mass. Harding Papers Frank D. Harding Papers, 1833–98, Wisconsin State Historical Society, River Falls Area Research Center, River Falls, Wis. HNOC Historic New Orleans Collection, Williams Research Center, New Orleans, La. Lawrence Diary Henry Effingham Lawrence Diary, in Brashear and Lawrence Family Papers, 1804–1982 (Series 3), in Records of Ante-bellum Southern Plantations from the Revolution through the Civil War; Series J: Selections from the Southern Historical Collection, Part 5: Louisiana (Bethesda, Md.: University Publications of America, 1996) LC Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. LHAC Louisiana Historical Association Collection, Civil War Papers/New Orleans Papers, Howard-Tilton Library, Tulane University, New Orleans, La. LSU Louisiana State University Libraries, Louisiana and Lower Mississippi Valley Collections, Baton Rouge, La. Massa Papers Samuel Massa Papers, Syracuse University Library, Syracuse, N.Y. MassHS Massachusetts Historical Society, Boston, Mass. 194 Notes to Pages 1–3 NA National Archives and Records Administration, Washington, D.C. NHCHS New Haven Colony Historical Society, New Haven, Conn. NHHS New Hampshire Historical Society, Concord, N.H. NOPL New Orleans Public Library, New Orleans, La. OR The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, 128 vols. (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1880– 1901) ORN Official Records of the Union and Confederate Navies in the War of the Rebellion, 30 vols. (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1894–1922) Parmenter Papers Alfred Parmenter Papers, Howard-Tilton Library, Tulane University, New Orleans, La. SCHS South Carolina Historical Society, Charleston, S.C. Shepley Papers George F. Shepley Papers, collections 117, 1536, 1721, Maine Historical Society, Portland, Maine TU Howard-Tilton Library, Tulane University, New Orleans, La. VtHS Vermont Historical Society, Barre, Vt. WSHS Wisconsin State Historical Society, Madison, Wis. introduction 1 Apr. 25, 1862, in New York Herald, May 10, 1862. 2 Deck Log, USS Brooklyn, Apr. 25, 1862, NA; letter from Harris, Apr. 25, 1862, in Chelsea (Mass.) Telegraph and Pioneer, May 24 and 31, 1862, reprinted at [http://www.letterscivilwar.com/4-28-62a.html];SamuelMassaDiary,Apr.25, 1862, Massa Papers; G. M. Shipper to Benjamin F. Butler, July 23, 1862, Butler Papers, box 211; Farragut to Assistant Secretary of the Navy G. V. Fox, Apr. 25, 1862, Squadron Letters, Roll 185, NA. 3 Shipper to Butler, July 23, 1862, Butler Papers, box 211; report, Apr. 25, 1862, in New York Herald, May 10, 1862; Deck Log, USS Richmond, quoted in Hearn, Capture of New Orleans, 243 (and Dufour, Night the War Was Lost, 303); Deck Log, USS Brooklyn, Apr. 25, 1862, NA; Samuel Massa Diary, Apr. 25, 1862, Massa Papers. 4 New Orleans Bee, Apr. 26, 1862; another Confederate sympathizer claimed that only ‘‘two Dutchmen’’ were killed, and only after they imprudently proposed ‘‘three cheers for Lincoln.’’ The two men were ‘‘promptly shot down’’ by ‘‘over twenty shots,’’ he wrote. See two letters from New Orleans, Apr. 25 and 26, Notes to Pages 4–10 195 1862, by ‘‘R. S.’’ in the Boston Journal, May 24, 1862. The Charleston Mercury (May 5, 1862) quoted ‘‘an intelligent gentleman of character’’ from New Orleans as saying that ‘‘when the Yankee officers landed, five Sicilians, who cheered them, were shot down by the crowd. All who showed any signs of favor were knocked down as traitors.’’ This supposed witness misplaced the time of the massacre, placing it when Union officers landed on the wharf, not when the ships first appeared on the river off the city. One also wonders if in the confusion he might have misunderstood the word ‘‘Silesians’’ as ‘‘Sicilians ,’’ thereby turning German victims into Italian ones. Anne Heard also placed the massacre at the time of the officers’ landing: ‘‘several persons in the crowd who cheered for Lincoln, to give signs of joy upon the landing of the delegation from Commander Farragut, were shot down.’’ Anne Brantley Heard letter, May 4, 1862, in Kagan, Hyslop, and Andrews, Eyewitness to the Civil War, 127. 5 Journal of Commerce story reprinted in the New York Times, May 25, 1862; Commander Emmons’s report to Gideon Welles about his capture of the rebel schooner Magnolia, May 1, 1862...