Infectious Fear: Politics, Disease, and the Health Effects of Segregation

Index

index Acevedo-Garcia, Dolores, 12 Achard, H. J., 56 Adami, George, 121 Addams, Jane, 123 AEA. See American Economic Association African Americans. See Baltimore; Black nurses; Black physicians; Blacks; Black tuberculosis; Employment ; Housing; Housing segregation; Interracial cooperation; Race and racism ; Racialization; Segregation; Slavery Agassiz, Louis, 237 (n. 2) Age groups: mortality rates by, 29–30; tuberculosis mortality by, 23–26, 29– 30, 213. See also Children AICP. See Association for the Improvement of the Condition of the Poor AIDS. See HIV/AIDS Ainslie, Peter (reverend), 208 Alabama: population of, 234 (n. 7); prison population of, 49; segregation in, 298 (n. 54); tuberculosis infection /mortality in, 28, 33, 37, 234 (n. 20) Alton, Madeleine Samuels, 177–78 American Economic Association (AEA), 48, 51, 52 American Public Health Association, 57 American Red Cross, 193–94 American Social Hygiene Association, 166 American Society of Sanitary and Moral Prophylaxis, 142 Antituberculosis measures. See Public health Aptheker, Bettina, 153 Asserson, M. Alice, 249 (n. 62) Association for the Improvement of the Condition of the Poor (AICP), 95–96, 126 Atlanta: antituberculosis work in, 161– 62; ghettoization in, 58; population of, 234 (n. 7); race riot (1906) in, 54, 100; segregation in, 298 (n. 54); slum clearance in, 216; tuberculosis infection /mortality in, 28, 31, 33, 51, 94 Atlanta University, 52–55 Bacon, Charles S., 87 Bacteriology, 14, 20–23, 45–46, 80, 88, 108, 141, 247 (n. 52) Baggot, Bartus, 214 Ball, M. V., 49 Baltimore: black newspapers in, 10, 80, 98, 100–101, 135–36, 194, 196, 209; economy of, 12; fire in (1904), 80–81; ghettoization in, 70–73, 75–78, 84, 212; immigrants in, 9, 10, 14, 72, 73, 112–13, 126, 151; mortality rates in, 10, 29–30, 68–72, 83, 181, 258 (n. 50); parks in, 170–71, 206; population of, 8–11, 73, 76, 181, 212, 219; racial violence in, 100, 173; saloons in, 132–35; street and alley maintenance in, 81–82, 171, 179–80; sweatshops in, 268 (n. 26); ward map of, 75. See also Druid Hill; Housing; Housing segregation ; Lung blocks; Sanitation; and Tuberculosis headings Baltimore Alliance of Charitable and Social Agencies, 203–5 Baltimore City Health Department (CHD): and birth registrations, 13; black professionals hired by, 16, 164, 165; bureaucracy of, 142–47, 179; and chemical therapies for tuberculosis, 300 Index 201–2; and dispensaries, 141, 143–44, 146, 155; and failure to reach potential black patients, 166; founding of, 12; and fumigation of houses, 145–46; funding for, 79, 141; and house infection theory, 93; and Kemp’s housing survey, 129; and knowledge of factors pertaining to tuberculosis, 125; laboratory of, 80; mortality statistics collected by, 12–13; and patients’ refusal of hospital or sanatorium treatment, 277 (n. 38); and public projects, 79; and race, 13–14; and sanatoriums, 175–76, 189; and sanitation, 80–82; on segregation of tuberculosis patients, 167; and slum clearance, 17, 207, 209, 215– 16, 219; and smallpox vaccinations, 82; and spot maps of tuberculosis mortality , 83, 115–16; staff of, 16, 79, 164, 165, 179; statistics of tuberculosis patients served by, 144–47, 150–51, 175; and sweatshops, 268 (n. 26); and tenement house inspectors, 130; Tuberculosis Division of, 144–48, 155–56, 175–76; and tuberculosis/health clinics for blacks, 208, 214, 216, 218; and tuberculosis reporting and registration , 80, 155–56; and visiting nurses, 79, 84, 98–99, 141–48, 179; vital statistics collected by, 13 Baltimore Housing Authority (BHA), 216, 217 Baltimore Municipal Tuberculosis Commission , 171, 180–81, 188–89 Barker, Lewellys, 170 Barnes, Alice, 1–4 Barnes, Archer, 1–4, 20 Barnes, David, 98 Barnett, Ferdinand L., 107, 271 (n. 45) Bates, Barbara, 63, 225 (n. 7) Baudrillard, Jean, 109 Bay, Mia, 48 Bay View Hospital/Municipal Tuberculosis Hospital, 157, 177–79, 188, 190, 194 Beck, Ulrich, 232 (n. 30) BHA. See Baltimore Housing Authority Biddle Alley. See Druid Hill Biggs, Hermann G., 92, 111–12, 115, 270 (n. 44) Billings, John Shaw, 51, 92 Black nurses: at Henryton Sanatorium, 196, 292 (n. 80); in Philadelphia, 165– 66; and Provident Hospital, 197; and public health generally, 8, 15, 16; training for, 64, 104, 195, 196, 197; and uplift ideology, 281 (n. 72); as visiting nurses, 64, 98–99, 163, 166 Black physicians: Baltimore City Health Department’s hiring of, 16, 165; and black patients, 156, 167; on black tuberculosis, 49, 53–57, 64, 65, 99, 103–4, 160–61, 218; in Chicago, 156, 167; exclusion of, from medical community , 48, 195; and Henryton Sanatorium...