The Long Shadow of the Civil War: Southern Dissent and Its Legacies

Notes

Notes abbreviations The following abbreviations are used throughout the notes. Bynum files Victoria Bynum files, San Marcos, Tex. Freedmen’s Records of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Bureau Papers Lands, RG 105, National Archives, Washington, D.C. MDAH Mississippi Department of Archives and History, Jackson, Miss. ML-USM  McCain Library and Archives, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Miss. NA National Archives, Washington, D.C. NCDAH  North Carolina Department of Archives and History, Raleigh, N.C. Newton Knight Claims of Newton Knight and Others, #8013 and #8464, Claims  Committee on War Claims, Records of the U.S. Court of Claims, 1835–1966, RG 123, National Archives, Washington, D.C. Newton Knight Newton Knight Folder, box 15, Records of the U.S. House of Folder Representatives, RG 233, National Archives, Washington, D.C. Official Records  U.S. War Department, War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1880–1901) RG Record Group Notes to Pages 1–8 150 SCC-NA  Records of the General Accounting Office, Third Auditor’s Office, Southern Claims Commission, RG 217, National Archives, Washington, D.C. SHC-UNC  Southern Historical Collection, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, N.C. TSLAAC  Texas State Library and Archives and Archives Commission, Austin, Tex. USM University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Miss. WPA-MDAH  Works Projects Administration, RG 60, Mississippi Department of Archives and History, Jackson, Miss. introduction 1 Samuel L. Holt to Gov. Zebulon Vance, 24 May 1863, Governors’ Papers, Vance, NCDAH. 2 Important early studies of conflicts on the Southern home front that centered on loyalty and opposition to the Confederacy include Lonn, Desertion during the Civil War; Tatum, Disloyalty in the Confederacy; Beals, War within a War; and Degler, Other South. During the past two decades, such studies have again flourished. See especially Pierson, Mutiny at Fort Jackson; Weitz, More Damning Than Slaughter; Wetherington, Plain Folk’s Fight; Williams, Bitterly Divided; Storey, Loyalty and Loss; Sutherland, A Savage Conflict; Bynum, Free State of Jones; Inscoe and Kenzer, Enemies of the Country; Pickering and Falls, Brush Men and Vigilantes; Baum, Shattering of Texas Unionism; McCaslin , Tainted Breeze; and Crofts, Reluctant Confederates. 3 Diary of Samuel A. Agnew, 27 Sept. 1863–30 June 1864, Documenting the American South, Electronic Edition, SHC-UNC. 4 R. W. Surby, a native of Canada, belonged to the 7th Illinois Cavalry, one of several units under the command of Col. Benjamin Grierson during this Mississippi mission . According to a map tracing Grierson’s daily movements, on the day described above the men were just above the Smith County seat of Raleigh, a few miles from the Jones County border. Surby, Grierson’s Raids, 53–54. 5 Ibid., 54, 55. 6 Ibid., 56. 7 The Richmond riot took place on 2 April 1863. The true identity of “Agnes” was kept secret by her friend Sara. Quoted in Pryor, Reminiscences of Peace and War, 237–39. On elite Southern women’s criticisms of the war, see especially Faust, Mothers of Invention. 8 Quoted in Pryor, Reminiscences of Peace and War, 292–94. 9 Ash, When the Yankees Came; Blair, Virginia’s Private War. For an argument against the idea that internal dissent was a major cause of Confederate defeat, see Gallagher, Confederate War. 10 On the history of the Free State of Jones, see especially Bynum, Free State of Jones; Leverett, Legend of the Free State of Jones; Ethel Knight, Echo of the Black Horn; Thomas Notes to Pages 8–10 151 J. Knight, Life and Activities; and Jenkins and Stauffer, State of Jones. Ethel Knight’s and Tom Knight’s books must be read with special care due to the authors’ biases and objectives. Tom Knight, Newt Knight’s son, focused primarily on defending his father’s reputation as a Unionist and ignored Newt’s interracial family altogether. Ethel Knight was a disgruntled pro-Confederate member of the Knight family who presented Newt Knight as a shrewd but demented man who ruined the lives of his children by forcing two of them to marry across the color line. Because Jenkins and Stauffer rely heavily and uncritically on the works of Tom Knight and Ethel Knight, their book must also be read with care. 11 The migratory patterns of the Collins family are discussed in Bynum, Free State of Jones, 30–37, 60. On Warren J. Collins and the jayhawkers of...