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INDEX Abbott, Countee, 198, 219, 246–47, 255, 259, 263–64, 271 Abolitionists, 16, 18–21, 27, 41, 44 Abraham Lincoln Brigade, 48 Acox, Clarence, 131–32, 134, 164, 251 Adams, John, 83, 142, 181, 183–85, 189 Afro-American (Baltimore and Washington, D.C.), 113, 115, 138 Airport Mail Facilities, 285 Allen, Edward, 165, 297 (n. 16) Allen, Theodore W., 297 (n. 16) Almore, T. C., 133, 165 American Federation of Labor (AFL), xix– xx, 3, 7, 38–39, 44–47, 50, 53, 60, 104, 114, 132, 134–35, 230, 269 American Federation of Labor–Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO), xxi, 5, 9, 14, 21, 64, 66, 121–24, 132, 134– 37, 139, 141, 149–50, 156–57, 160, 163, 173, 191–92, 197–98, 208–9, 219, 227, 230, 240, 263, 265, 267–69, 271–74, 278, 280 American Negro Labor Congress (ANLC), 37 American Postal Worker, 271, 277 American Postal Workers Union (APWU), xii, xxiii, 5, 48, 84, 161, 171–72, 182–83, 189, 200, 209, 236, 238, 251, 265, 270– 71, 273–76, 279, 281, 283, 286 American Telephone and Telegraph Co., 215 Anacostia Station (Washington, D.C.), 249 Anderson, Carol, 74 Appomattox Club, 29–30, 38 Armstead, Elmer, 56, 116, 143 Armstead, Leroy, 284 Armstrong, Sam, 60, 158–59 Associated Press, 243 Athens, Ga., 26 Atlanta, Ga., 26, 28, 37–38, 62–63, 82, 89, 98, 118, 131, 136, 148, 153, 159, 163–64, 185, 197, 205, 221–22, 226, 251, 260 Atlanta Negro Voters League, 82 Atlanta University, 159, 221 Attucks, Crispus, 97 Axis, 51 Baarslag, Karl, 48, 312 (n. 138), 343 (n. 31) Bailey, Eleanor, 171–72, 180–82, 185–87, 189–90, 201, 204, 224, 231, 237, 240–42, 254, 258–59, 262, 279 Baker, James K., 152 Baltimore, Md., 113, 117, 125, 139, 170, 175, 195, 200, 203–4, 222, 251, 278 Barnes, Frank, 110 Barret, John T., 45 Bates, Daisy, 140 Bates, Robert, 117, 138 Battle of the Bulk (1974), xxiii, 278. See also Strikes Baxter, Vern, 27, 211, 251, 268 Beauty Shop Owners Association, 177 Beifuss, Joan Turner, 226 Belen, Frederick C., 227–28 Bell, Felix, 33, 169, 199, 204, 224, 286 Bell, Loy S., 148, 358 (n. 1) Belliny, H. L., 165 Bernstein, Barney, 45, 62 Bible, 41, 44 Biller, Morris ‘‘Moe,’’ xxiii, 181, 199, 202, 209, 230, 243–46, 254, 270, 279, 281 Biondi, Martha, 71–72, 91, 103, 116, 127– 28, 142–43 Birmingham, Ala., 163, 170, 189, 251, 253 Bishop, Sidney, 192 Bistowish, J. M., 44–45 434 | index Black freedom movement. See Civil rights movement Black labor protest tradition, xiii, 9, 12, 37– 38, 70, 111, 159, 191–92, 224, 246, 255, 260 Black middle-class reform: and ‘‘uplift’’ traditions, 32, 34, 49, 69–70, 144, 192, 293 (n. 38) Black nationalism, 8, 11–12, 32, 34, 221, 223–24, 292–93 (n. 34) Black Panther Party, 227, 244 Black Power, 11, 166, 193, 201, 203, 209, 220–24, 226–27, 248 ‘‘Blame the Cold War,’’ 76–77 Blount, Winton, 229, 239, 277 Board of Governors (USPS), 265 Bolger, William F., 279 Bomar, Thomas P., 204 Bonaparte, Bertha, 32 Boschelli, John, 219 Boston, Mass., 2, 20–22, 48, 121–22, 138, 146, 247 ‘‘Boston Tea Party’’ (1958), xxi, 121, 138 Boustan, Leah Platt, 283 Boyd, Henry, 301 (n. 46) Boykin, Hartford, 26 Braxton, Charles R., 151–52, 156–57 Brenner, Aaron, 233, 238, 240–41, 255 Briggs, Mary, 83 Brooklyn, N.Y., 45, 47–48, 65, 86, 88, 103– 4, 108, 112, 121, 134, 138, 147, 183, 194, 197, 227, 257 Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters (BSCP), 13, 38, 44, 49, 57 Brown, Evelyn Craig, 187–88, 204 Brown v. Board of Education (1954), 82, 123, 129 Buchanan, Charles, 307 (n. 98) Buchanan v. Warley (1917), 41, 96, 307 (n. 98) Buckles, Harold, 108 Bu√alo, N.Y., 252 Bulk Mail Centers (BMCs), xi, xxiii, 275, 277–78, 285 Burleson, Albert S., 29 Burrus, William H., Jr., xxiii, 161, 179, 212, 248, 262, 279, 282–86 Butler, John, 125 Butler, Max, 119 Byrd, Harry, Sr., 136 California Eagle, 69 Cambodia, 254, 257 Carmichael, Stokely (Kwame Ture), 227 Carney, William Harvey, 16–18, 21–22 Carriers in a Common Cause (Mikusko), 5 Carter, Ashby, 51, 55, 91–92, 97, 107, 111, 114–15, 125 Carter, Jimmy, 277 Casey, R. M., 42–43 Castilla, Willenham, 39–40, 63, 199 Celler, Emanuel, 227 Centers for Disease Control (CDC), 274 Cha-Jua, Sundiata Keita, 76–77 Chamberlain...

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