Creating a Confederate Kentucky

The Lost Cause and Civil War Memory in a Border State

Anne E. Marshall

Publication Year: 2010

Rather than focusing exclusively on postwar political and economic factors, ###Creating a Confederate Kentucky# looks over the longer term at Kentuckians' activities--public memorial ceremonies, dedications of monuments, and veterans organizations' events--by which they commemorated the Civil War and fixed the state's remembrance of it for sixty years following the conflict. Marshall traces the development of a Confederate identity in Kentucky between 1865 and 1925 that belied the fact that Kentucky never left the Union and that more Kentuckians fought for the North than for the South. Following the Civil War, the people of Kentucky appeared to forget their Union loyalties, embracing the Democratic politics, racial violence, and Jim Crow laws associated with formerly Confederate states.

Published by: The University of North Carolina Press

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Though the experience of writing a history book is meant to be a solitary one, mine has been anything but. Since I began to conceive of this project over ten years ago, I feel as though I have been in constant conversation with mentors, professors...

Introduction

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pp. 18-8

Standing before an immense crowd at the opening of the 1895 Grand Army of the Republic (gar) encampment in Louisville, Kentucky, Louisville Courier-Journal editor Henry Watterson delivered words of welcome, proclaiming, “It is . . . with a kind of exultation that I fling open the gateway to the South...

1 A MARKED CHANGE IN THE SENTIMENTS OF THE PEOPLE: Slavery, Civil War, and Emancipation in Kentucky, 1792–1865

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pp. 9-31

On a spring day in 1865, Maria Hawes traveled by boat up the Mississippi River toward her home in Kentucky. The daughter-in-law of Kentucky’s short-term Confederate provisional governor, Richard Hawes, Maria and her family were banished from the state because of their high-profile disloyalty. She had spent much...

2 THE REBEL SPIRIT IN KENTUCKY: The Politics of Readjustment, 1865–1877

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pp. 32-54

“ The Psalmist and I are alike in one respect at least,” wrote Lizzie Hardin of Harrodsburg, Kentucky, in her diary in July 1865. “We both have seen the wicked flourish like a green bay tree and the vilest men exalted. I wish I had the power to describe the state of this country. The Constitution so much wasted power, the civil...

3 WICKED AND LAWLESS MEN: Violence and Confederate Identity, 1865–1885

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pp. 55-80

In January 1865, as surveyor Alfred Harrison traveled through Lewis County, a band of armed men attacked the house in which he was staying. The men took his money, his horse and tack, and everything else in his possession. “Few persons,” he remarked bitterly, “save those who have had some experience among...

4 WHAT SHALL BE THE MORAL TO YOUR KENTUCKIANS?: Civil War Memorial Activity in the Commonwealth, 1865–1895

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pp. 81-110

For the divided populace of Kentucky, the Fourth of July 1865 was a day that reflected the fractures of the previous four years. Confederate sympathizer Lizzie Hardin noted that in Harrodsburg “the ‘glorious fourth’ passed . . . in a very inglorious manner, the citizens refusing to make any demonstration whatever. . . . I suppose...

5 TWO KENTUCKYS: Civil War Identity in Appalachian Kentucky, 1865–1915

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pp. 111-132

In 1896, James Lane Allen penned an article in Harper’s magazine in which he claimed that there were “two Kentuckys.” “It can never be too clearly understood,” he explained, “for those who are wont to speak of ‘the Kentuckians,’ that this state has within its borders two entirely distinct elements of population...

6 A PLACE FULL OF COLORED PEOPLE, PRETTY GIRLS, AND POLITE MEN: Literature, Confederate Identity, and Kentucky’s Reputation, 1890–1915

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pp. 133-154

At age five, Lloyd Sherman, or the “Little Colonel” as her friends and family affectionately call her, moves from New York to Kentucky. Upon her arrival in Lloydsboro, “one of the prettiest places in all Kentucky,” she encounters her maternal grandfather, Colonel Lloyd, who, “from his erect carriage to the cut of...

7 A MANIFEST AVERSION TO THE UNION CAUSE: War Memory in Kentucky, 1895–1935

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pp. 155-182

In July 1895, only months before the Grand Army of the Republic (gar) encampment came to town, Louisville’s Confederate community unveiled its monument to the southern dead. The massive seventy-foot statue crowned with an eight-foot-tall bronze infantryman was the product of an eight-year effort...

Afterword

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pp. 183-188

In 1980, Robert Penn Warren recalled his childhood growing up in Guthrie, Kentucky, and the “ever-present history” of the Civil War, which continued to hang like a miasma there in the early twentieth century. He reminisced: “I had picked up a vaguely soaked-in popular notion of the Civil War, the wickedness...

Notes

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pp. 189-208

Bibliography

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pp. 209-224

Index

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pp. 225-233

E-ISBN-13: 9781469603834
E-ISBN-10: 1469603837
Print-ISBN-13: 9780807834367
Print-ISBN-10: 080783436X

Page Count: 256
Illustrations: 2 line drawings, 1 map
Publication Year: 2010

Series Title: Civil War America