Confronting Captivity: Britain and the United States and Their POWs in Nazi Germany

Index

index Adams, Lloyd S., 57 Aitken, Thomas S. C., 212 Alexander, Albert V., 149, 150, 158 Alexander, Harold, 192–93, 194, 278 Alkire, Darr H., 186 Allan, Less, 286 Allied air raids: and German civilians, 3, 53, 172, 182, 283; and sick and wounded POW exchanges, 4–5, 125, 127, 147, 282; and safety of POWs, 160, 171–75, 182, 187, 191, 198, 221, 302 (n. 117); and evacuation of POWs, 218, 284 Allied POWs: number of, 1, 90, 192, 194; and food rations, 26, 97; and Red Army, 161; safety of, 171, 185, 189, 190, 192, 197–98; German policy toward, 182, 185; and tripartite warning, 195– 201; and Yalta Conference, 234; Soviet liberation of, 255. See also Evacuation of POWs; Safety of POWs; and specific nationalities Allies. See specific countries American embassy personnel, 17–18 American Jews, 202 American POW camps, 135, 271 American POWs: number of, 1, 71, 75, 88–89, 90, 97–98, 153, 192, 303 (n. 4); fear of German retribution toward, 2, 5, 69, 71, 171, 173, 184, 185, 187, 191, 192, 194, 201, 221, 283; evacuation of, 5, 69, 81, 96–97, 145–46, 201, 204, 208, 216, 219, 258, 265–67, 269; mental health of, 55–56, 85; and food rations, 68, 69, 90; and clothing rations, 81; health conditions of, 81– 83, 84, 85, 98–99, 266, 269, 270, 271, 282; and Swiss inspectors, 94; lack of preferential treatment of, 102; and sick and wounded POW exchanges, 116–17, 119, 123, 128, 132, 133–35, 146, 147; Jewish POWs, 125; and long-term POW exchanges, 152, 168; safety of, 161, 171, 173–74, 193–94, 198, 262–63, 264, 281; executions of, 185, 195; and Nazi racist ideology, 221, 280; and liberated POW exchanges, 225, 233, 243, 249, 250, 255; and Red Army, 256, 258; and conditions in Poland, 258, 266, 268, 273, 345–46 (n. 75), 346 (n. 77) American Red Cross, 86, 95, 96–97, 216, 243 Arbeitskommando E 249 (Kriegsdorf), 61 Arbeitskommando E 337 (Freudenthal), 61 Arbeitskommando E 339 (Freudenthal), 60–61 Arbeitskommando E 715 (Auschwitz), 203 Arbeitskommando I (Trattendorf), 78– 80 Arbeitskommando 54, 38 Arbeitskommando 81, 38 Arbeitskommando 275, 37 Arbeitskommando 283, 38 Arbeitskommando 1135, 65 Arbeitskommando 1536, 84 Arbeitskommandos (work camps): conditions of, 3, 4, 32–35, 37–38, 39, 58– 65, 76–77, 79–80, 306 (n. 45); organization of, 10; and food rations, 27, 29, 30; and health conditions, 27, 34, 84 Archer, E. R., 237, 239–40, 247 Ardennes, 143, 163, 283 Attlee, Clement R., 43, 47, 66–67 366 index Australia, 41, 43, 52, 55, 113, 128 Australian POWs, 36, 43, 53, 177 Austria, 27, 60, 192–93, 194, 248, 278– 79 Axis POWs, 41, 116, 119, 256. See also German POWs; Italian POWs Balkans, 229, 230 Baltic countries, 5, 225, 233, 236, 255, 262, 263, 265, 285 Barker, Ray W., 212–13, 276, 277 Battle of Britain, 9, 106 Battle of the Bulge, 91, 97–98, 101, 143 Bedell-Smith, Walter, 256, 257–58 Belgian POWs, 27, 161, 177 Bennet, Clyde M., 77, 78 Berger, Gottlob, 186, 198 Bernadotte, Folk, 138 Betts, Edward C., 139 Bohlen, Charles E., 347 (n. 83) Booth, E., 45–46, 49–50 Bor-Komorowski, Tadeusz, 332 (n. 99) Bormann, Martin, 174, 186 Bowers, H. S., 14 Braun, Walter, 87, 88, 309 (n. 75) Britain: attitudes toward POWs, 1–2; and safety of POWs, 2, 171, 175, 185, 198, 202, 281, 284; and Swiss inspectors , 4, 81; and long-term POW exchanges, 5, 149, 150, 151–52, 153, 159, 160–68, 283; and evacuation of POWs, 5, 212–13, 218–19, 285; and Soviet nationals as German POWs, 5, 229; and government department coordination, 18–19; and food rations, 22, 23; and conditions of German POW camps, 38–39, 55, 69, 71, 102; and shackling issue, 42–43, 45, 47–48, 49, 50, 52, 53; and mental health of British POWs, 58; and support of International Committee of the Red Cross, 96; and sick and wounded POW exchanges, 106–50 passim, 282, 314 (n. 54); and neutrality of Ireland, 107; and Anglo-American repatriation proposal, 116–22; and tripartite warning , 195–201; and Poland, 226, 245; and Polish government in exile, 226; and reorganization of Polish government , 242–43, 246; and British POWs in Poland, 251, 252; and Polish Provisional Government, 254. See also United Kingdom British Admiralty: and British POWs, 18; and repatriation, 106, 116; and sick and wounded POW exchanges, 127; and long-term POW...