In the Trenches at Petersburg: Field Fortifications and Confederate Defeat

Contents/Illustrations/Maps

ConTenTs Preface {xiii} ChaPTer one Engineers and War {1} ChaPTer Two Crossing the James River {9} ChaPTer Three Three Days in June {21} ChaPTer foUr Searching for a Solution {38} ChaPTer five Digging In {50} ChaPTer six Soldiering in the Trenches {65} ChaPTer seven The Third Offensive {78} ChaPTer eighT The Crater {90} ChaPTer nine August {107} ChaPTer Ten The Fourth Offensive {124} ChaPTer eleven September {142} ChaPTer Twelve The Fifth Offensive {160} ChaPTer ThirTeen October and the Sixth Offensive {182} ChaPTer foUrTeen November, December, and January {199} ChaPTer fifTeen Winter {215} ChaPTer sixTeen The Seventh Offensive, February, and March {229} ChaPTer sevenTeen Fort Stedman and the Eighth Offensive {245} ChaPTer eighTeen The Ninth Offensive, April 2 {264} Conclusion {280} aPPendix one Artifacts of War {287} aPPendix Two The Richmond-Petersburg Line {295} Notes {317} Bibliography {377} Index {399} illUsTraTions McKnight’s 12th New York Battery at Confederate Battery No. 8, Dimmock Line {31} Dimmock Line, U.S.-made artillery emplacement next to Confederate ditch {54} Covered way from Fort Rice to Fort Meikel {56} Confederate works, view of interior of parapet {62} Entrance to a bombproof {66} Possible entrance to Confederate countermine {113} Entrance to countermine {114} Possible Federal countermine shaft {117} Arched ceiling in gallery of Confederate countermine, Jerusalem Plank Road {122} Western bastion at Fort Sedgwick {149} Fort Burnham {171} Fort Brady {171} Wooden banquette at Elliott’s Salient {177} Ditch at Fort Johnson {177} Modern view of ditch at Fort Johnson {178} Gabion revetment of rear line at Fort Sedgwick {200} Gracie’s Salient {205} Headquarters bombproof at Fort Sedgwick {209} Casemates at Fort Burnham {236} Interior of Fort Stedman {249} Fort Stedman, 1939 {252} Artillery emplacements and traverses at Fort Mahone {266} Federals standing on traverses at Fort Mahone {267} Interior of Fort Mahone {268} Covered way linking Fort Mahone to Confederate main line {270} Right end of main battery at Fort Sedgwick {297} Front of Federal Battery No. 21 {300} Traverses of main battery at Fort Sedgwick {300} Bombproofs at Fort Sedgwick {301} Left end of main battery at Fort Sedgwick {302} Artillery emplacement at Fort Sedgwick {303} MaPs Defenses of Petersburg, 1862–1864, and Grant’s Crossing of the James River, June 11–18, 1864 {13} Petersburg, June 15–18, 1864 {22} Digging In at Petersburg, June 19–July 30, 1864 {52} First Deep Bottom, July 26–29, 1864 {80} Pegram’s Salient, July 30, 1864 {84} Crater Battlefield, July 30, 1864 {93} Confederate Countermines, July–December 1864 {116} The Fourth Offensive, August 14–25, 1864 {126} Federal Works from Jerusalem Plank Road to Weldon and Petersburg Railroad, August 22–September 28, 1864 {143} City Point Defenses and Harrison’s Landing, September–October 1864 {148} Confederate Countermine at Squirrel Level Road, September 15–November 1864 {155} The Fifth Offensive, September 29–October 2, 1864 {162} Federal Works West of Weldon and Petersburg Railroad, October 3–26, 1864 {167} Federal Works North of the James River, October 3–26, 1864 {170} Confederate Works North of the James River, October 3–26, 1864 {176} Confederate Countermine at City Point Road, October 1864 {185} The Sixth Offensive, October 27, 1864 {191} Hatcher’s Run, February 5–7, 1865 {230} Fort Stedman, March 25, 1865 {247} The Eighth Offensive, March 29–April 1, 1865 {256} The Ninth Offensive, April 2, 1865 {265} Fort Sedgwick, April 3, 1865 {299} Federal and Confederate Works at Bermuda Hundred, April 3, 1865 {307} Fort Harrison, 1863, and Fort Burnham, April 3, 1865 {311} Federal Line from Fort Burnham to Fort Brady, April 3, 1865 {312} Confederate Line from Fort Maury to New Market Road, April 3, 1865 {314} Confederate Line from Fort Johnson to Fort Gilmer, April 3, 1865 {315} ...