Rome, the Greek World, and the East: Volume 3: The Greek World, the Jews, and the East

Index

Index As in Volumes One and Two, the index, compiled by the editors, is meant to give some clues and keys to the sequence of thoughts and ideas developed over the years in Fergus Millar’s articles on the Greek world, the Jews and the East: names, institutions, events, and dates are all subservient to this principle. Aelia Capitolina ( Jerusalem), –,  Amnesia of Semitic culture, xiii Aniconic cults of a supreme God in Syrian region, – Arabs/Arabioi/Arabes — ascribed common genealogical origins with Jews because of circumcision, , ,  —Christian use of identification of ‘‘Saracens ’’ as ‘‘Ishmaelites’’ to claim a share with Arab peoples in true inheritance of Abraham, –, ,  —genealogy of, not supplied from within Graeco-Roman mythology, but derived from Jewish biblical tradition, –; supplied by Josephus, – passim, –,  —identified by Josephus: with Nabataeans (but not with Idumaeans), –, –; not in Bible (I. Eph‘al), with Ishmaelites, – —as term applied to a variety of peoples, – Asia and the classical world: aspects of relationship between, –; debt of early Greece to ‘‘Asia,’’ –, ; as free zone for Western imagination, –; and history of Babylonia from Alexander to Muhammad still to be written, ; Iran, our tenuous grasp of its religious, cultural, and social history , –, ; official use of Greek in edicts of Asoka from Kandahar (Afghanistan ), –; Plutarch describes Alexander’s mission as civilizing, – ; tax receipt in Greek from Bactria, ; uncertainty about existence of exchange between classical world and India, –; western imperialist and colonialist (but not racialist) outlook on, –,  Berytus: as earliest and most substantial island of Romanitas, , –, – , ; and Heliopolis, –; and law schools, –, , – Bostra, – Caesarea ( Judaea), –; island of Romanitas revealed in recently discovered inscriptions,    Index Caravan cities: implication of name, – , , – Coloniae, colonies in Roman Near East: grants of colonial status in rd century as a reflection of intensive imperial involvement in, – passim; ius Italicum and taxation, , , , , , –; mint city-coins to middle of rd century, , ; reabsorbed into their environment, ; Roman consciousness of, ; Romanisation of an already Hellenised Semitic region, ; three phases of, –; title of metropolis, –, , , , ; titular colonies after civil wars, – ; use of Greek steadily reasserts itself in, , , . See also Aelia Capitolina ( Jerusalem); Berytus; Bostra; Caesarea ( Judaea); Edessa; Emesa; Flavia Neapolis (Samaria); Greek cities (Graeco-Roman cities); Heliopolis; Palmyra; Petra; Ptolemais; Sebaste; Tyre Cultural unity of Rome’s ‘‘eastern frontier ,’’  Dictionaries and lexicons (modern) and ancient manuscripts and documents, – Droysen’s idea of fusion (Verschmelzung) and its opponents, , , , ; vindicated by Phoenician cities, –. See also Hellenisation Dura-Europos —Parthian period of: Greek language in use throughout, –; Hellenistic foundation, , ; onomasticon, ; Palmyrene presence in, –, – ; Parthian rule barely in evidence during, –; Parthian rule revealed in Greek legal documents, –, ; reconstructing history from inscriptions in Greek and Palmyrene in cult-centers and temples fraught with problems of interpretation, –; story of excavations and publications, –, – —Roman period of: colonia, –; linguistic complexity in need of reactivation , xvi–xvii, –, – —Seleucid period of: little known about,  Edessa, –. See also Linguistic aspects, Syriac Egypt and its culture: contrast with Judaism , ; social history from Alexander to Muhammad yet to be written for,  Emesa, –, – Flavia Neapolis (Samaria), – Gaza ( Judaea): as end of trade on land route from present-day Yemen, – Gladiatorial shows: signs of Romanisation , . See also Coloniae, colonies in Roman Near East Greek and Latin Authors (Stern), xvi, , , ,  Greek cities (Graeco-Roman cities): advent of Christianity, –; become Roman colonies, –, ; conceived of as peoples ( J. Reynolds), –; city coinage of, –, ; decline of eurgetism in, ; epigraphic habit, –, –; limits and extent of Romanisation in, –, –; as the only territorial political formations in late Roman Near East, ; re-assertion of Greek cultural identity through festivals in, –. See also Coloniae, colonies in Roman Near East; Hellenisation Index  Heliopolis: as part of territory of Berytus , ; made a separate colony by Septimius Severus, , –. See also Berytus Hellenisation: complex nature of in Syria, xiii, –; evident in Syria only under Roman Empire, xiii, ; expressed in city-foundation, –, ; territorial extent of, –. See also Droysen’s idea of fusion (Verschmelzung); Syria Hellenistic history, starting point of, –, ,  Hellenistic monarchies: attitude to local cults, –; enigmatic system of, ; Parthia counts as one in one respect, ; portrayal of Seleucid monarchy as Near Eastern rather than Greek state,  Historical interpretations —Bernal’s Black Athena as challenge to traditional and biased ‘‘Western’’ approach to antiquity justified in certain respects,  —criteria for historical truth in Gospels (plausible and implausible constructs), xiv, –, , –; impossibility of amalgamating data from all four Gospels, –,  —Cumont’s description of Berytus, Heliopolis , and Ptolemais as ‘‘Latin islands in Semitic ocean,’’ – —erroneous interpretations of Jewish Hellenisation and events of – .. in Palestine, xiv, –, , –. See also Judaism and its Hellenisation...