Unprotected Labor: Household Workers, Politics, and Middle-Class Reform in New York, 1870-1940

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Unprotected Labor This page intentionally left blank Unprotected Labor Household Workers, Politics, and Middle-­ Class Reform in New York, 1870–1940 Vanessa H. May The University of North Carolina Press Chapel Hill This book was published with the assistance of the Anniversary Endowment Fund of the University of North Carolina Press.© 2011 The University of North Carolina Press All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. Designed by Courtney Leigh Baker and set in Whitman with Milk Script and Bureau Eagle display by Rebecca Evans. The paper in this book meets the guidelines for permanence and durability of the Committee on Production Guidelines for Book Longevity of the Council on Library Resources. The University of North Carolina Press has been a member of the Green Press Initiative since 2003. Library of Congress Cataloging-­ in-­ Publication Data May, Vanessa H. Unprotected labor : household workers, politics, and middleclass reform in New York, 1870–1940 / Vanessa H. May. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-8078-3477-0 (cloth : alk. paper)—ISBN 978-0-8078-7193-5 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Women household employees—New York (State)—History. 2. Women household employees—Labor unions—New York (State)—History. 3. Women—New York (State)— Social conditions—History. 4. Labor movement—New York (State)—History. I. Title. HD6072.2.U52.N676 2011 331.4′81640974709031—dc22 2010047551 cloth 15 14 13 12 11 5 4 3 2 1 paper 15 14 13 12 11 5 4 3 2 1 For Mom, Dad, and Patrick This page intentionally left blank ...