Index
INDEX Accommodations industry: and gender imbalance, , –, , ; female proprietors in, , ; African American women in, , –, (nn. , ); Irish women in, , , , (n. ); businesses in, ; Chinese women in, , , (n. ); decline of female-owned businesses in, –; and domestic tasks performed by women, –, –; statistics on, , , –, , , –, , , (n. ); and housing shortage, –; capital intentions and market incentives in, –; and temporary residents of San Francisco, , ; and families ’ choice of boarding out, –; in working-class environs, –; and rebuilding of San Francisco after earthquake and fire, , ; racial/ethnic background of female proprietors in, , –; male proprietors in, , ; buying out or taking over established businesses in, –; modern improvements in, –, ; and tourism, –; advertising for, ; licensing fees in, , ; purchasing decisions in, ; debt collection in, –, (n. ); employees in, –; Chinese laborers in, ; and earthquakes , –; combined place of business and residence in, (n. ), (n. ). See also Boardinghouses; Hotels; Lodging houses; Restaurants Accounting, , (n. ) Advertising: for boardinghouses, –, , , (n. ); trade cards for, –, –, (n. ); in early twentieth century, ; in s–s, –; for apparel industry, –, ; for millinery and dressmaking businesses , , –, , (n. ); and tourism, ; for hotels, , ; direct-mail advertising, ; advertising agencies, –, ; and prices of goods, ; in newspapers and magazines, –, (n. ); for beauty industry, ; for retail indus- try, –; return on investment in, –, (nn. , ); research on, – (n. ) African American men: statistics on, , ; in retail industry, –, (n. ); in laundry industry, ; as proprietors of businesses, , –, (n. ); and credit, ; racism against and segregation of, , (n. ); location of businesses of, ; in gold rush California, (n. ) African American women: in beauty industry, , , , (n. ), – (n. ), (n. ); businesses run by, , –, (nn. , ); in laundry industry, , (n. ); statistics on, , , –, (n. ); in accommodations industry , –, (nn. , ); wealth of, , (n. ); as domestic service workers, ; and credit, ; racism against and segregation of, , (n. ); as prostitutes, ; location of businesses of, ; and benevolent organizations, , (n. ); in apparel industry, (n. ); in retail industry, (n. ); as clerks, (n. ); in gold rush California, (n. ) Agee, Posey, Albany, N.Y., , (n. ), (n. ) Alessandro, Antoinetta and Giuseppi, – Alimony laws, –, (n. ) Anderson, Diana O., – Anti-Coolie Co-Operative Laundry Association, , , (n. ) Anti-Jap Laundry League, , Apparel industry: female proprietors in, ; characteristics of female proprietors in, ; Hudson’s clothing store, , , (n. ); businesses in, ; male proprietors in, ; decline of female-owned businesses in, , ; and domestic tasks performed by women, ; capital intentions and market incentives in, ; racial/ethnic background of female proprietors in, , –; and prostitutes, , (n. ); partnerships in, – , ; advertising for, –, ; location of businesses in, , ; interior decor of businesses in, – , –; and display windows, –, ; and competition between department stores and smallscale proprietors, –; inventory management in, ; overbuying in, ; debt collection in, –; bank services for, –; financial management in, ; husbands’ contributions to, ; fire risks in, ; in twenty-first century, ; Irish women as proprietors in, ; African American proprietors in, – (n. ), (n. ); in Boston, – (n. ), (n. ), (n. ), (n. ). See also Dressmaking business; Millinery business Applefield, Eva, Apprenticeships, , , , , (n. ) Arden, Elizabeth, Baker, Miss J. A., –, (n. ) Bakeries, , Bakken, Gordon Morris, (n. ) Baley, May, Ballinger, Martha, –, (nn. – ) Ballou, Mary, Bancroft, Hubert Howe, (nn. – ) Banking industry, , , , –, –, , (n. ), (n. ), (n. ), (nn. –), (n. ). See also Loans Bank of Italy, , , –, –, , , (n. ), (n. ), (n. ) Index [3.136.154.103] Project MUSE (2024-04-25 10:29 GMT) Bankruptcy: court records on, , , , –; court proceedings for, – ; laws on, (n. ), – (n. ), (n. ), (n. ) Barbers, –, (n. ) Baschan, Bertha, – Baum, L. Frank, , (n. ) Beach, Mrs. Eliza, Bean, Walton, (n. ), (n. ) Beauty industry: female proprietors in, ; Jewish women in, ; African American women in, , , , (n. ), – (n. ), (n. ); businesses in, ; expansion of opportunities for women in, –; and beauty culture, ; statistics on, , , –; interior decor of businesses in, –; location of beauty salons, ; advertising for, ; location of businesses in, Berio, Miss, Berry, Mrs., Berthoff, Rowland, – (n. ) Beyersdorf, Louis, Billiards, , , , (n. ) Bird, Mr. and Mrs., Birthrate, Blackford, Mansel, – (n. ), (nn. , –), (n. ), (n. ), (n. ), (n. ), (n. ), (n. ) Blackmar, Elizabeth, (n. ) Black women. See African American women Blewett, Mary H., (n. ) Blight, Mrs. T. J., (n. ) Boardinghouses: advertising for, –, , , (n. ); female proprietors of, , ; and gender imbalance, , ; Chinese women as proprietors of, , ; and domestic tasks performed by women, , (n. ); purchase price for, , ; statistics on, , –, , , ; location of, ; single women as residents of, ; in antebellum period, , (n. ), (n. ), (n. ), (n. ); African American women as proprietors of, –, (n. ); earnings from, , ; fictional account of, ; widowed women as proprietors of, , (n. ); partnership between apparel store and, –; sale of, ; employees of, , ; physical labor required in, –; Irish men as lodgers of, ; Irish women as proprietors of, , , (n. ); furnishings of, ; modern improvements in, – , ; purchasing decisions for, ; expenditures on, ; price of lodging in, ; debt collection by, –, (n. ); and earthquakes, , ; racial/ethnic background of female proprietors of, –; male proprietors of, –; as combined place of business and residence, (n. ), (n. ). See also Accommodations industry Booker, Mrs. H. E., Bookkeeping. See Record keeping Bookstores, , (n. ) Borchard, Mrs., Borden, Ivy, Borgstrom, Minnie...
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