Grassroots Garveyism: The Universal Negro Improvement Association in the Rural South, 1920-1927

Contents

Contents Acknowledgments ix Introduction: Rediscovering Southern Garveyism 1 1 Antecedents 24 2 Lessons 48 3 Growth 72 4 Members 103 5 Appeal 131 6 Transition 161 Epilogue: Legacy 192 Appendix A. unia Divisions in the Eleven States of the Former Confederacy 197 Appendix B. Numbers of Southern Members of unia Divisions by State 200 Appendix C. Numbers of Sympathizers Involved in Mass Meetings and Petitions for Garvey’s Release from Jail and Prison, 1923–1927 201 Appendix D. Phases of Organization of unia Divisions in the South by State 202 Appendix E. Ministers as Southern unia O≈cers, 1926–1928 203 Appendix F. Profiles of unia Members in Georgia, Arkansas, and Mississippi, 1922–1928, and naacp Branch Leaders in Georgia, 1917–1920 204 Appendix G. Women Organizers in the unia in the South, 1922–1928 214 Notes 217 Bibliography 251 Index 269 ...