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At the turn of the twentieth century, a wave of Chinese men made their way to the northern Mexican border state of Sonora to work and live. The ties--and families--these Mexicans and Chinese created led to the formation of a new cultural identity: Chinese Mexican. During the tumult of the Mexican Revolution of 1910, however, anti-Chinese sentiment ultimately led to mass expulsion of these people. Julia Maria Schiavone Camacho follows the community through the mid-twentieth century, across borders and oceans, to show how they fought for their place as Mexicans, both in Mexico and abroad.
Tracing transnational geography, Schiavone Camacho explores how these men and women developed a strong sense of Mexican national identity while living abroad--in the United States, briefly, and then in southeast Asia where they created a hybrid community and taught their children about the Mexican homeland. Schiavone Camacho also addresses how Mexican women challenged their legal status after being stripped of Mexican citizenship because they married Chinese men. After repatriation in the 1930s-1960s, Chinese Mexican men and women, who had left Mexico with strong regional identities, now claimed national cultural belonging and Mexican identity in ways they had not before.

Table of Contents

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  1. Cover
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  1. Title Page, Copyright Page
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  1. Contents
  2. pp. vi-viii
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  1. Note on Names and Terms
  2. pp. ix-x
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  1. Acknowledgments
  2. pp. xi-xvi
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  1. Introduction
  2. pp. 1-18
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  1. Part I: Chinese Settlement in Northwestern Mexico and Local Responses
  1. 1. Creating Chinese-Mexican Ties and Families in Sonora, 1910s–early 1930s
  2. pp. 21-38
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  1. 2. Chinos, Antichinistas, Chineras, and Chineros: The Anti-Chinese Movement in Sonora and Chinese Mexican Responses, 1910s–early 1930s
  2. pp. 39-62
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  1. Part II: Chinese Removal
  1. 3. The Expulsion of Chinese Men and Chinese Mexican Families from Sonora and Sinaloa, Early 1930s
  2. pp. 65-80
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  1. 4. The U.S. Deportation of “Chinese Refugees from Mexico,” Early 1930s
  2. pp. 81-102
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  1. Part III: Chinese Mexican Community Formation and Reinventing Mexican Citizenship Abroad
  1. 5. The Women Are Neither Chinese nor Mexican: Citizenship and Family Ruptures in Guangdong Province, Early 1930s
  2. pp. 105-121
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  1. 6. Mexico in the 1930s and Chinese Mexican Repatriation under Lázaro Cárdenas
  2. pp. 122-134
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  1. 7. We Want to Be in Mexico: Imagining the Nation, Performing Mexicanness, 1930s–Early 1960s
  2. pp. 135-152
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  1. Part IV: Finding the Way Back to the Homeland
  1. 8. To Make the Nation Greater: Claiming a Place in Mexico in the Postwar Era
  2. pp. 155-173
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  1. Conclusion
  2. pp. 174-178
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  1. Notes
  2. pp. 179-202
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  1. Bibliography
  2. pp. 203-218
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  1. Index
  2. pp. 219-226
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