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· 315 · abject, the, construction of, 104, 105–6 abolitionism and abolitionist groups, xvi–xxi, 82–83, 85, 93, 95, 134, 255– 57. See also antiprostitution policies activism and activists, sex workers’, 267–86; collective, xxxii, 248, 249; debate with sex work abolitionists, 255–57; and diversity of sex workers, 250, 251–52, 258–61, 264n39; education for, 227, 230, 232; gender framework, 271–72, 276–79, 279–82; Internet’s role in, 245–47, 262n9, 262–63n10, 264n31; political, xxxii–xxxiii, 57; self-help, 272–76; use of blogs, 243–45, 247–61. See also grassroots organizing, sex workers’; Iquitos, Peru, HIV/AIDS education in; protest femininity; sex workers, collective interest organizations; unionization Africa, sex trafficking from, 179, 184, 187 agency, sex workers’: agent/victim debate, xv–xxiv, 129; exercising, xxxi, xxxiii; female, xviii, 267–68, 282–83; political, xiv–xv, xxiv, 58, 135, 225, 227, 290–91; selfdetermining , 228–29, 236, 238, 278– 79. See also decision making age of consent, for prostitution: in the Netherlands, 173, 180, 184–86, 188, 190n13, 270 Agustín, Laura Maria, xvii Altink, Sietske, 180 Alvarez, Sonia, xxxiii Anarchy, Daisy (SWOLCHR activist), victimization of, 232–33, 239n7 anthropology, sexual discourse in, 4, 23, 24 antiprostitution policies: activists for, xviii–xx, 147, 248, 255–57, 296; legislation, 149, 151, 160, 161; in media, 252–53; municipal, 109, 110, 165n6. See also abolitionism and abolitionist groups; Paying the Price (British Home Office) antitrafficking: Brazilian narratives of, 121–23, 128–38; German policies, 124, 140n3; Netherlands’ policies, 172; U.S. policies, xviii–xix, 124, 140n3, 147. See also National Plan to Combat Human Trafficking (PNETP, Brazil); Palermo Protocol (UN); Standing against Global Exploitation (SAGE Project); Thailand, response to sex trafficking Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act of 2008 (Thailand), 162–63, 167n36 Index Page numbers in italics indicate photographs or other illustrations. 316 INDEX antivice activities: Brazilian, 131, 138; British, 95 Arab Spring uprisings of 2010–2011, 246 Asante, Amma, 179–80, 188n2 Asia, sex trafficking from, xvii, 179, 187 Association for Burlesque Entertainers (Canada), 235 Atchison, Chris, 67 Auger, Cheryl, xxviii Australia: regulation of sex work in, xxii–xxiii, xxivn2, 222; sex worker collectives in, 224–25, 227–31, 233, 238–39, 239n3, 260 autonomy, sex workers’, xxiv, 89, 160, 178, 250, 294, 304n2 bad girls, 7, 26n3; Brazilian concept of, 135–40 Ballin, Ernst Hirsch, 175 bawdy houses. See brothels BCCEW. See British Columbia Coalition of Experiential Women (BCCEW, Canada) BC Coalition of Experiential Communities (Canada), 240n10 BEAVER. See Better End All Vicious Erotic Repression (BEAVER, Canada) Becker, Howard, 66 Bedford, Terri-Jean, 116n1 Bedford v. Canada ruling, 237, 240n9 Beer, Sarah, xxxiii–xxxiv Berger, Michele Tracy, xxvi; research experiences of, 6–8, 11, 13–15, 17, 20, 22; Workable Sisterhood, 18 Berkeley, California, Measure Q (Angel Initiative), 34 Bernstein, Elizabeth, xviii Berri-UQAM Development Guild (Canada), 305n14 bestiality, definition of, 95n1 Better End All Vicious Erotic Repression (BEAVER, Canada), 289 Biesma, Sasha, 178 Blair, Tony, 77, 82 Blanchette, Thaddeus Gregory, xxix blogs. See Bound, Not Gagged (BnG, blog); Internet, sex work politics and; Jezebel (blog); Tits and Sass (blog) Blunkett, David, 82 body-rub parlors. See massage parlors Bokelman, Sylvia, 180 Borland, Katherine, 67 Bottorff, Joan L., 271 Bound, Not Gagged (BnG, blog), 247–61; activists’ use of, xxxii, 248–57; impact of, 244, 258–60; inside-outside dichotomy, 257–58, 259; limitations of, 258–60; visitor statistics for, 263n13 Bourdieu, Pierre, 122, 127 Bovenkerk, Frank, 180–81, 190n10 Bowen, Raven: Community Guidelines project, 56–57, 63, 71n1, 71n6, 115; PDAR project, xvi, xvii, 54–55, 58, 69 Brandt, Carina, 204 Brax, Tuija, 210 Brazil, prostitution and sex trafficking in, 121–43; antitrafficking policies, xxix, 121–23, 130–31; definition of trafficking, 124–25; hegemonic, 133–35, 140n2; media’s association with sex in, 136–37, 141n12, 141n13; myth of vulnerable populations in, 126, 126–27, 131–33, 138–40; narratives regarding, 121, 122–23, 128–38, 140n2; National Plan to Combat Human Trafficking (PNETP), xxix, 121, 125–29, 130–31, 132–33, 135, 138, 141n9; Palermo [54.198.200.128] Project MUSE (2024-03-29 11:49 GMT) INDEX 317 Protocol and, 121, 123–25, 127, 130– 31, 138, 140n3; Penal Code Article 231/231a and, 125, 130, 135, 138–39; prostitution not illegal in, 133–34, 139; racial divisions in, 141n15 British Columbia Coalition of Experiential Women (BCCEW, Canada), 236, 240n10 broken windows criminological theory, 85, 92, 292 Brooks, Amanda, 262n2 brothels: Australia’s policies regarding, xxiii, 231; Canada’s policies regarding...