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Iused a modified version of the system of transliteration for Arabic set by the International Journal of Middle East Studies, except I omitted diacriticalmarks,withtheexceptionoftheʿaynandtheʾhamza.Iusedanglicized plurals for Arabic terms found in an unabridged English dictionary (e.g.,fatwas).IusedtheletterginsteadofjtorepresenttheEgyptiandialect. Place names are spelled according to how they are most commonly transliterated , and I use individuals’ chosen spellings of their own names when they have appeared in English-language publications (e.g., Ali Gomaa, not Ali Gumaʿa). • xiii • A Note on Transliteration This page intentionally left blank ...

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