The Emergence of Islam: Classical Traditions in Contemporary Perspective

Illustrations and Features

v illustrations and features Figures Preface Map of the Middle East in the early seventh century xv Fig.1.1 Muslim pilgrims around the Kauba,Mecca 2007 14 Fig.1.2 Map ofAbraham’s journey 15 Fig.1.3 A pamphlet on how to perform the Hajj 21 Fig.1.4 Muhammad’s night journey 26 Fig.2.1 The flag of SaudiArabia 37 Fig.2.2 Muhammad’s letter to Heraclius 52 Fig.3.1 Map of early Islamic conquests 67 Fig.3.2 A rendering of the shrine containing uAli’s tomb 75 Fig.4.1 An ornate Quraan 97 Fig.4.2 Ancient manuscript and Cairo edition of Quraan,sura 20 103 Fig.4.3 Well of Souls 109 Fig.4.4 Muslim man in prayer 113 Fig.4.5 Muslim pilgrims casting stones 114 Fig.5.1 Companions of the Cave 132 Fig.6.1 Salman Rushdie 140 Figs.6.2 and 6.3 First sura and title page 146–47 Fig.7.1 Map of theArab world before Islam 156 Fig.7.2 AncientArab church in Iraq 157 Fig.7.3 Coins from the Umayyad period 160 Fig.8.1 Muhammad uAli Jinnah with Mahatma Gandhi 181 Fig.8.2 Ayatollah Khomeini 191 Fig.8.3 Shah and empress of Iran with daughter 193 Fig.8.4 Splash page of quranandscience.com 199 vi v Illustrations and Features Personalities in Islam 1.1 Khadija 18 2.1 uAaisha 41 3.1 Abu Bakr 62 3.2 uAli 73 4.1 Jesus 115 6.1 Abraham 150 8.1 IbnTaymiyya 178 8.2 Khomeini 194 From a Classic Text P1.1 Death and funerals 6 2.1 Hadith on the virtues of the Prophet 33 2.2 Muhammad’s letters to the emperors of Byzantium and Persia 49 3.1 The assassination of uAli,“Commander of the Faithful” 76 Concl.1.1 The Peak of Eloquence 81 Intro.2.1 The Hadith:A second source of revelation 88 4.1 How to handle the word of God 98 4.2 The crucifixion 116 5.1 Quraan and Bible:TheTable from Heaven 127 8.1 Fatwas today 175 8.2 The sharia today 183 Concl.1 A vision of ethics based on virtues 207 Boxes 1.1 The Hajj 20 2.1 Daily prayers 43 2.2 Ramadan fast 44 2.3 Representations of Muhammad 55 3.1 Religious movements and Muhammad’s prophethood 65 vii Illustrations and Figures v 3.2 Jihad 69 4.1 Musical instruments 91 4.2 Etymology of the word Quraan 96 4.3 Printing the Quraan 104 4.4 Houris in Q 56:22 108 5.1 Gospel of Barnabas 123 6.1 Jinn 138 6.2 Salman Rushdie 140 6.3 Conflicts within the Quraan 148 7.1 “People of the Book” 155 8.1 Ahmadis’ status as Muslims 187 8.2 Demographics in Egypt,Iran,and Pakistan 190 8.3 Sir Richard Burton’s pilgrimage to Mecca 200 ...