Chang and Eng Reconnected: The Original Siamese Twins in American Culture

Index

INDEX Italic page numbers indicate material in figures. Aarim-Heriot, Najia, 21, 176n13 abortion, 113–114 Afong Moy, 84–85 African American studies, 33 The Agnew Clinic (Eakins), 65 Ah Sing, Wittman, 101–102, 104, 118, 189n8 Ah Sin: The Heathen Chinee (Twain and Harte), 90–91, 102 Alien Land Law (1913), 21 Allen, Harrison, 41; on determining “front” of band, 47–48; letter to, regarding disposition of bodies, 56; and use of touch in autopsy, 50– 51 Allen, Theodore, 196n5 American Kinship (Schneider), 147 American Museum, 60 American symbolism utilizing Chang and Eng: Civil War and aftermath, 87–88; Geisel “America First” cartoon, 96–98; Nast “The American Twins” cartoon, 92–98, 93; “United We Stand” publicity pamphlet, 82, 94 anatomy as a scientific discipline, 43–46, 48–49 Anderson, William, 38 Andrews, Thomas H., 41 Angelo and Luigi, 86, 89, 114 antimiscegenation laws, 22–23 antislavery tracts, 18 Armfield, Isaac, 55 artists and medicine, 58–59, 65–72, 130 Ashby, George, 156 Asian Americans: in the American South, 20–23, 153–156; and “Asian America” coalition , 155; blacks’ relations with, 22–23, 33–34; as Civil War soldiers, 187n25; and classification of Asian-white children, 154; diversity of, 155; indistinguishability of, to whites, 131, 192–193n16 Asian American studies: assimilation accusations within, 117; Chang and Eng in, 84; disability studies and, 5–9; double as recurring theme in, 100–101; hyphenation issue within, 103; literary criticism in, 117; role of, in conceptualizing race, 33–34; transnational turn in, 109, 118, 155 Atkins, Warren and Nancy Bunker, 146, 148 Attachments (Rossner), 124–127 Aunt Grace, 24, 163–164, 166 autopsies/postmortem examinations: Bunkers’ autopsy, 36–37, 41–42, 45–47, 54–56; and competition for cadavers, 44–45; disease as, 48–49; early practice of, 37–39; Enlightenment and, 44; families’ “duty” to permit, 42; made public, 45; and reliance on multiple sensory elements, 49–50; sexual overtones of, 51–52 Baartman, Sara, 45, 73–74 Bad Foot photograph (Wegman), 70 Bakhtin, Mikhail, 11, 116–117 Ballestero, Johanna and Melchiora Lopez, 37–38, 52 band/connecting ligament, 45–47; composition of, 49; in Dead Ringers, 129; determining the “back” of, 45–46; as hyphen, 103–104 Barnum, P. T., 1; and American Museum, 60, 84; and contract with Bunkers, 16–17; and Joice Heth, 16–17, 45, 177n3; What Is It? exhibit by, 75–76 198 Index Basirico, Laurence, 152–153 Bell, Whitfield, 60 Bhabha, Homi K., 3, 108 bilingualism, 105 “Billy Budd” (Melville), 85–86 birth control trials: on African American women , 191–192n4; on Puerto Rican women, 120 “black mammy” of George Washington, 16–17, 20, 45, 177n3 Blackmon, Betty Bunker, 152 Blackmon, Sherry Bunker, 159, 160 Blackmon, Zack, 159 blackness in America: African American studies on, 33; and biracial black-Chinese children, 22; and criminal justice system, 173; and hypodescent, 153–154. See also slaves in American South body snatching, 45 Body Worlds (von Hagens), 184n18 Bogdan, Robert, 39–40, 64, 81, 137–138, 141 Boland, Margaret, 159, 160 Bolton, George Buckley, 39 Boursicot, Bernard, 131 Bow, Leslie, 23, 173 Browne, P. A., 33 Brown v. Board of Education, 157 Bryant, Jessie Bunker, 148–149, 151, 157, 162, 168, 173 Bujold, Geneviève, 128 Bunker, Adelaide and Sarah (née Yates): autopsy negotiations by, 38, 41–43, 45–46, 148; during Chang’s and Eng’s illness, 40; in family portrait, 27–28; marriages of, 4, 23–24, 154; open-mindedness and forward thinking of, 158; and perceptions of Chang and Eng’s body, 45–46; as portrayed in Strauss’s Chang and Eng, 139 Bunker, Bradford and Brian, 173 Bunker, Brian Neal, 171–172 Bunker, Chang and Eng, 27; artists’ renditions of, over time, 24–29, 122; autopsy of, 36–37, 41–42, 45–47, 54–56; biography of, 3–5; and Chinese diaspora, 30–31; connecting ligament between, 45–49; contrasted with Sara Baartman’s circumstances, 74; exhumation of, 41; fetal and acquired positions of their body, 47–48; and final disposition of body and organs, 56–57, 58, 72–75; final illness and deaths of, 40, 54–56, 128, 182–183n48; as individuated subjects, 19–20; and interaction with audiences, 85; and marriage to white women, 23–24, 90, 121, 154; meticulousness in business of, 17; naturalized citizenship of, 4, 23; as noble savages, 89–90; no Thai records of, 162; as not subject to usual restrictions for nonwhites , 34–35; and origin of Bunker surname, 2, 175n5; personalities of, 20; in political...