Catheters, Slurs, and Pickup Lines: Professional Intimacy in Hospital Nursing

Notes

Notes IntroductIon 1. All names are pseudonyms. Anna is a nurse in my study. What follows is based on my observations of her and my interviews with her. 2. Scherzer 2003. 3. Glazer 1991; Hine 1989; Melosh 1982; Reverby 1987; Scherzer 2003. 4. Duffy 2007; Nakano Glenn 2002. 5. Collins 2000; Nakano Glenn 2002, 2010. 6. Choy 2003. 7. Davies 1996. 8. Gordon 2005 discusses this, too. 9. Zelizer 2005. 10. For accounts in nursing scholarship that claim the importance of intimacy from the perspective of the bedside nurse but also call for more research to examine its complexity, see Dowling 2003, 2006; Kadner 1994; Kirk 2007; Nikkonen 1994; Savage 1995; and A. Williams 2001a, 2001b. I should also note that the relationship between negotiating intimacy and negotiating conflict is not part of any of these accounts. For an article that challenges this claim, see Allan 2002. 11. Perrin 2007; Shattell 2004. 12. Dowling 2008 also describes “nurse-patient intimacy” as a process in oncology nursing. Dowling reports that nurses negotiate a “professional friend” role that helps maintain the nurse’s empathy for and identification with the patient. Dowling explains that patients influence the relationship with nurses, especially because the patient’s individual characteristics contribute to how nurses can identify with their patients. Just as I advocate for collective intimate practices later in this book, Dowling claims that “peer support” helps nurses conduct and maintain intimacy with their individual patients. 13. This could also result from nurses’ discomfort working with and around bodies . See Picco, Santoro, and Garrino 2010. 194 notes to the IntroductIon 14. For a look at one study that examines the relationship between intimacy in nursing care and patient-preferred gender of the nurse, see Chur-Hansen 2002. 15. Additional information on my method can be found in Appendix A. 16. Collins 1999, 2000; Crenshaw 1989, 1991, 1992. 17. I discuss standpoint theory further in Appendix A. 18. Anderson, Leonard, and Yates 1974. 19. Zelizer 2005. 20. In nursing scholarship, this dynamic has been referred to as negotiating a balance between distance and intimacy. See Allan and Barber 2005. 21. Collins 2000; Duffy 2005; Hondagneu-Sotelo 2001; Nakano Glenn 2002, 2010. 22. Das Gupta 2009; Hine 1989; Scherzer 2003. 23. I am both committed to and cautious about my choice to use the phrase women of color in this book. I am committed to the phrase because it helps to identify significant patterns in experiences faced by women who are not white and share similar forms of discrimination and possibilities for solidarity based on how others perceive their skin tone. My use of the phrase of color also recognizes that skin color is a powerful component in practices of racism, xenophobia, and white privilege. For example, in her renowned book, Black Feminist Thought, Patricia Hill Collins (2000) identifies the power of colorism as a by-product of racism. Specifically, Collins changes the conversation on beauty discrimination by introducing the power of skin tone as it negotiates systemic opportunity and privilege for black women. Finally, I first learned about the phrase women of color when reading scholarly writings by multicultural feminists and since have used this terminology to highlight the agency and power of women of color, rather than focusing only on oppression. I am cautious about my use of the phrase because too often phrases like this one and others such as third-world women become static and are used as universal descriptors for women across nation, culture, and race who are very different. See two classic articles that discuss the pitfalls of monolithic language to describe women who are diverse by race and nation: Dill 1983 and Mohanty 2002. 24. Ehrenreich and Hochschild 2002. 25. C. Williams 1993, 1995. 26. C. Williams 1995. 27. Harvey Wingfield 2009. 28. Crenshaw 1992: 1473. 29. Crenshaw 1989, 1992. 30. Beiner 2005. 31. Collins 1999 and a presentation by Kimberlé Crenshaw and Bonnie Thornton Dill at the 2009 National Women Studies Association meeting in Atlanta, Georgia. 32. Berger and Guidroz 2010. 33. Boris and Parrenas 2010. 34. Zelizer 2010. 35. Zelizer 2009, 2010. 36. Zelizer 2010: 278. 37. Ibid. 38. B. Anderson 2000; Barton 2006; Price-Glynn 2010; Hondagneu-Sotelo 2001; Ehrenreich and Hochschild 2002. notes to chapter 1 195 39. Dellinger and Williams 2002; Guiffre and Williams 1994; Hoffman 2004; Lerum 2004. 40. Owings 2002; Huebner 1994; Cobble 1991. 41. Gordon 2005 includes a useful analysis of...