Arms And The Enlisted Woman

Notes

Notes CHAPTER 1 1. Helen Rogan and Michael Rustad have provided good descriptions of the experiences of Anny women. Helen Rogan, Mixed Company: Women in the Modern Army (New York: Putnam, 1981); Michael L. Rustad, Women in Khaki: The American Enlisted Woman (New York: Praeger, 1982). 2. Linda J. Waite and Sue E. Berryman, Women in Nontraditional Occupations : Choice and Turnover (Santa Monica, Calif.: Rand, 1985), pp. 52-53, 73. 3. Mary Wollstonecraft, A Vindication of the Rights of Women, ed. Carol H. Poston (New York: Norton, 1975), pp. 23-24. 4. Mattie E. Treadwell, The U.S. Army in World War II, Special Studies: The Women's Army Corps (Washington, D. C.: Office of the Chief of Military History, Department of the Anny, 1954), pp. 191-218. CHAPTER 2 1. For a summary of cohort methodology, see Norvall D. Glenn, Cohort Analysis (Beverly Hills, Calif.: Sage, 1977). 2. Unless otherwise noted, numerical data are from Selected Manpower Statistics, Fiscal Year 1986 (Washington, D.C.: Directorate for Information, Operations and Reports, the Pentagon, 1986), or from a series of tables prepared by T. Wisener for the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense, Manpower, Reserve Affairs and Logistics, Research and Data, on 4 April 1981. 3. Gen. Jeanne Holm, USAF (Ret.), Women in the Military: An Unfinished Revolution (Novato, Calif.: Presidio Press, 1982), chaps. 10, 11. 4. Ibid., pp. 118, 124-25, 157-58, 184. 5. Ibid., p. 250. 6. U.S. Congress, House Anned Services Personnel Committee, Report by Special Subcommittee on Utilization of Manpower in Military, 92d Cong., 2d Sess., 28 June 1972. 7. Chief Naval Officer Elmo Zumwalt, Z-Gram 116, dated 7 August 1972. For Quigley's memo see Holm, Women in the Military, pp. 280-82; the Z-Gram is reproduced as app. 3. 8. Mary Ellen McCalla, Stuart H. Rakoff, and Zahava D. Doering, Description of Officers and Enlisted Personnel in the U.S. Armed Forces: 1985, Copyrighted Material - 291 292 - Notes Supplementary Tabulations from the 1985 DOD Suroey of Officer and Enlisted Personnel (Arlington, Va.: Defense Manpower Data Center, 1986), pp. 4-45, 49-51, 4-58-4-60. 9. Ibid., p. 4-61. 10. Holm, Women in the Military, pp. 106, 136-37, 190, 195-96,211,23940 , 270, 300-301. CHAPTER 3 1. Seth Cropsey, "The Military Manpower Crisis: Women in Combat," Public Interest, Fall 1980, pp. 58-73. 2. Defense Advisory Committee on Women in the Services (DACOWITS), Fall Meeting Minutes (Washington, D.C. : November 1980), Tab D. 3. DACOWITS, Fall Meeting Minutes (Washington, D. C.: October 1979), Tab E. 4. DACOWITS, Spring Meeting Minutes (Washington, D. c.: April 1980), table I, pp. 21-22. 5. "Slow Female EM Recruiting," Air Force Times, 19 January 1981. 6. "Official Urges Enlistment Slowdown: Women's Impact on Military Questioned ," Colorado Springs Sun, 20 February 1981. 7. "Pentagon Reassessing Impact of Women in the Armed Forces," Washington Post, 13 May 1981. 8. "Army Calls Virtual Halt to Recruiting Women," Army Times, 10 August 1981. 9. "General Attacks Pregnancies: Urges Abortions for All First-Term Women Soldiers," New York Daily News, 24 June 1981. 10. "Air Force, Navy Chiefs Oppose Registering Women for Draft," Baltimore Sun, 6 February 1980. 11. Selected Manpower Statistics, Fiscal Year 1980 (Washington, D. C.: Directorate for Information, Department of Defense, 1981), p. 73; U.S. Department of Defense, Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense, Manpower, Reserve Affairs and Logistics, Women in the Military: Background Review (Washington, D.C.: Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense, 1981), p. 103; "Slow Female EM Recruiting." 12. DACOWITS, Spring Meeting Minutes (Washington, D.C.: 1981), Tab E. 13. Ibid., Tab F. 14. Ibid., Tab G. 15. Ibid., Tab V. 16. "Air Force Wants Substantial Reduction in Future Recruiting Goals for Women," Air Force Times, 27 July 1981. 17. "New Administration Slows Drive to Ease Combat Bars for Women," Army Times, 3 August 1981. 18. Both memos were dated 14 January 1982. 19. Memo of 11 January 1982. 20. "Women in the Military: It Is Really a Matter of Human Power," Government Executive, February 1982, pp. 22, 24-26. Copyrighted Material Notes - 293 21. "Women-in-Anny Report Delayed," Army Times, 15 February 1982. 22. "Women's Role in Military Faces Pentagon Study," Memphis Press-Scimitar , 1 February 1982. 23. "Anny to End Coed Companies in Basic Training," Baltimore Sun, 4 May 1982. 24. "Retired General Defends Women," Pittsburgh Press, 17...