Cities for Sale: Municipalities as Public Relations and Marketing Firms

Index

135 index Abel, Charles F., xiii, 7, 84, 87 Accountability, 22, 28, 104 Aesthetics, 4, 10, 50, 63–67, 71, 73, 76, 90, 109, 113 American Marketing Association, 33–34 Anholt, Simon, 39–40, 50 Argyris, Christopher, 87 Ashworth, G. J., 40–42, 45, 53 Auto-communication, 7, 82, 85–90, 95, 114 Baudrillard, Jean, 7, 27, 37–38, 42, 85–86 Box, Richard, 5, 7, 18, 24, 26–28, 31 Branding, 50 defined, 38 place, 39–41, 44, 51 problems with, 39, 45, 53 examples in practice, 51–53, 61, 71, 74–75 Brand loyalty, x, 3, 34, 45, 108 Built environment, x, 4, 44, 50, 67–68, 90, 109, 113 Christensen, Lars T., 7, 26, 86–90 Cities, reason to study, 12–14 Citizen participation, 24, 27–29, 37, 79–98, 110 City of Albany, NY, 8, 80, 100, 107 Anaheim, CA, ix, 8, 25, 66, 91, 100, 107 Billings, MT, 8 Charlotte, NC, 8, 27–28, 87 Chicago, IL, 8, 73, Coral Springs, FL, ix, xiii, 1–3, 8, 25, 55, 61–63, 66, 88, 94, 100, 104–105, 109 Frankfort, KY, 8, 80, 107 Denver, Co, 8, 64, 66 Detroit, MI, 8, 50, 58 New York, NY, 8, 63, 66, 93 Kingsport, TN, 8 Las Vegas, NV, 8, 58, 80, 82, 93, 107 orlando, FL, 8, 71–74, 80, 100 Parkland, FL, 8 Pasadena, CA, 69 Phoenix, AZ, 8, 19, 97 Portland, oR, 25 Reno, NV, ix, 8, 70, 92, 97, 105, 107 Roanoke, VA, 8, 42, 59, 70, 74–77, 92, 100, 106–107 Sacramento, CA, 25 136 index Seattle, wA, 69, 105 St. Paul, MA, 8 Sunnyvale, CA, 8, 61 Tamarac, FL, 8, 51–53, 61 Toronto, ontario, Canada, 52–54 Collaboration, 28, 47, 53, 82, 91, 103 Colors. See under Image, role of colors in Commodification, 19, 24, 26, 49, 64–65, 68, 91 Communicative cities, 42–44 Community relations, 36–37, 55–56 Cornelissen, Joep P., 6, 9,-11, 34 Customers, x, 3, 7, 22–29, 34–35, 43, 58, 75, 79, 81–83, 86–88, 95, 109 Dawkins, Richard, 54 Democratic governance, 24, 26, 79–98, 110, Discourse, 26–27, 54 in citizen participation, 27–28 risks of, 7 in urban planning, 64–65 e-government, 103–105 engagement, 15, 19, 24–28, 36, 43, 57, 82, 94, 103, 106, 110 environmental psychology, 63–65. See also aesthetics Fox, Charles J., 24, 31, 37, 84, 103 Frederickson, h. George, 5, 24 Go, Frank M., 7, 38–42, 45–47, 61, 84, 90–92, 94 Goffman, erving, 112 Govers, Robert, 7, 38–42, 45–47, 61, 84, 90–92, 94 Green marketing, 69 Grunig, James e., 7, 28, 33, 35, 36, 37, 49, 55, 58, 60, 69, 82, 84–85, 94–95 habermas, Jurgen, 28 hansen, Rebecca h., 5, 14, 42, 92 Images, xi, 2, 5–8, 87–93, 105–107, 112 in aesthetics, 64–67, 71 in branding, 14, 41–42, 53–54, 64, 80–82, 96 creation of, 2, 4, 34, 50–53, 56, 58, 80, 112–114 overreliance on, 27–29, 37–39, 83–86, 109–110 role of colors in, ix, 2, 52, 97, 100, 106–108, 112 In-house publications, 4, 50, 59–61, 62, 72, 75, 109 International application, 52–53, 55, 74, 111 Kavaratzis, Mihalis, 5, 14, 18, 27, 40–42, 45, 49, 53–54, 80, 91, 99, 109 Kotler, Philip, 5, 14, 16–18, 38, 40, 50, 62, 69, 83, 96 Learning. See organizational learning Lee, Mordecai, 16, 44, 60, 83 Levy, Sidney J., 5, 16, 38, 42, 57, 83 Limitations, 110–111 “Live, work, play,” 91, 100–103, 112 Logos, use in branding, 5, 8, 15–16, 40, 45–47, 51–54, 61, 74, 82, 85, 92–93, 99, 109 Marketing, 3, 33–34 as used in the metaphor, 3–8, 49–78 defined, 33–34 examples in practice, 58–59, 75 exchange based, 45 marketing public relations, 35–36 mix, 41–42, 46 private sector firms, 14–16, 50 City of (continued) index 137 role in public administration, 34–37 role in relationship building, 36–38, 59, 61, 90–92, 94–96, 109–110 social, 41, 69, 81, 94, 96–98, 110 Marketing public relations, 35–36 Market models, ix, 4–8, 18, 21–29, 31, 49, 62, 79–83, 98, 99, 109 Media relations, 1, 4, 10, 15, 54–59, 72, 75, 109 Memesis, 53–54 Metaphor use to...