The Athletic Trap: How College Sports Corrupted the Academy

Index

ABC (television), 36, 42, 176n52 academic capitalism, 178n20 accountability in athletics: of boards, 120, 131–38, 190n38; of presidents, 11, 27, 39, 120, 125, 137 amateurism, 6, 60, 144, 150; abandoned in Super Conferences, 154; as myth, 48, 61 Anderson, Michael, 67–68, 93 arms race, 68, 69, 70–94, 116, 125, 142, 180n3; and athletic trap, 81, 167; and attrition in big-time college sports, 145; case studies of, 81–90; and college presidents, 91–94, 123, 124, 136, 145; and deviance, 119, 146; and disarmament, 93, 140; in facilities, 76–78; psychosocial dynamics of, 125; and star wars arms race, 73–76 Aspen Ideas Festival, 56, 59 Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women (AIAW): and NCAA, 36; and New NCAA, 162, 163 Association of Governing Boards of Universities and Colleges (AGB), 133–37, 190n34, 190n45 asteroid theory of change, 144–45, 147, 163, 165 athlete-student, 155, 156, 157, 162; academic expectations for, 156, 157; on athlete advisory council, 150; booster and IGT influence on, 157; as employees or professionals, 154, 156, 157, 159, 162 athletic ambition, 31, 65; adverse effects of unrealistic, 30; and American Dream, 30; and churning, 39; and deviance, 104; social psychology of, 94. See also athletic aspirations athletic aspirations, 16, 31, 86, 101, 148, 163; and arms race, 82; and athletic trap, 16, 18, 47; to be big time, 46, 148; lofty, 8, 102; scaled-down, 161, 162, 166; and striving, 104, 148. See also athletic ambition athletic boosters, 15, 21, 179n43; and arms race, 93, 157; influence of, 64–67, 69, 89, 91, 133, 153; wayward, 96, 97–100, 113 athletic budgets: balanced, 17; cuts in, 84, 92–93; deficits in, 1, 11, 35, 47, 79, 148; in elite women’s basketball, 74–75; and inequalities, 30, 31, 70–94; large, 32–33; small, 33–34; surplus in, 32, 72. See also institutional subsidies of athletics athletic foundations, 64, 115, 158 athletic fund raising, 64, 65, 121, 158 athletic program cuts, 127, 145, 184n76; of male sports, 84, 85, 89, 192–93n27; and Title IX, 85, 89, 172n34 athletic trap: dismantling of, 162–64, 166, 168; grip of, 15–16; nature of, 2, 7, 8–11, 166 Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC), 29, 41, 42, 83, 85, 155, 176n55 automatic qualification (AQ), 29; and nonAQ conferences, 173n11 Axcess Sports, 98 Bass, Beth, 75 Big East, 29, 38, 39, 155, 173n10, 175n42, 183n44 big-time college athletics. See big-time college sports big-time college sports, 5, 6, 8, 17, 25, 173n10; as commercial entertainment, 55–56; critiques of, 18–19; cycles of corruption and distorted i n d e x Page numbers in boldface indicate definitions of terms 212 Index big-time college sports (cont.) values, 107; financial vulnerability of, 91, 125, 145, 185n84; leadership and reform in, 139–41, 149–51; public attitudes about, 49; and scandal in, 99, 100; as trap, 16, 166; and winning, 70, 93–94 big-time universities (BTUs), 24 Binghamton University, case study of, 100–105 blind spots, 118, 141 Boise State University, 77–78, 80, 104 Bok, Derek, 2, 9, 56 boosters. See athletic boosters Bowl Championship Series (BCS), 24, 29, 35, 37, 40, 42, 126, 140 Branch, Taylor, 18, 60, 117, 178n30, 190n47, 193n1 Brand, Myles, 17, 25–26, 114 brands and branding, 33, 58, 92, 167; in and through athletics, 17, 33, 38, 45, 59, 79, 80, 103; and IGT, 80, 113; lesser-known, 78, 82; and NCAA, 3, 113; protection of, 112, 186–87n29; of recognition, 28, 43, 53, 54, 77, 96; in super conferences, 161, 162; tainted by deviance, 104; universities, 17, 28, 45, 47, 121, 158 Broadus, Kevin, 102 budgets. See athletic budgets business sector of IGT (private business sector ), 24; media and, 40–45, 46, 47 Calipari, John, 115–16, 188n58 cartel and monopoly, 37, 41, 151 CBS (television), 42, 43, 44, 45 CBSSports.com survey, 116, 188n56 Center for College Affordability and Productivity , 81 Chronicle of Higher Education: survey of athletic fundraising, 65; survey of governing boards, 132 churning, 38–39, 86, 104, 154, 174n22, 176n43 Clery Act, 106, 187n33 Clotfelter, Charles, 19, 54, 55, 144, 145, 154, 165, 178n15, 191n10 Coalition on Intercollegiate Athletics (COIA), 191n6 College Football Association (CFA), 36, 37, 40 college presidents, 41, 57, 58, 121, 122; accommodations to athletics, 53, 64, 78, 81, 103, 108, 115, 117, 122; ambivalence or reservations about athletics, 46, 47, 51, 143; and arms race, 17, 69, 81, 91, 92, 124, 142; athletic challenges and risks, 16, 25, 27...